“Solar Flare”. Fractal by Stephen Smith. Click to enlarge.
Aug 16, 2018
Sunspots are declining, over all, but they continue to occur.
The total sunspot number peaked in 2014, so the Sun is entering what should be a quiet phase, as discussed in a recent Picture of the Day. However, in early September 2017 the Sun erupted with several powerful solar flares. Solar flares are classified according to their X-ray output: C-class flares possess X-ray measurements in the 10^-6 watts per square meter range (W/m^2), while X-class flares can exceed 10^-4 W/m^2. On September 6 the Sun exploded with an X2.2 and then an X9.3 flare, after unleashing several less powerful events earlier in the week. The X9.3 incident was the eighth largest solar flare ever recorded.
Since the number of visible sunspots varies according to a 22-year cycle, the Sun remained relatively spot-free for the last several months, because solar maximum reached its peak potential in 2014 and solar minimum is taking place. That decline in electromagnetic activity was unexpectedly interrupted by the flare events in September.
In an Electric Universe, the Sun occupies a positive space charge sheath with respect to the interstellar medium (ISM): an anode terminal connected to galactic power circuits. Those circuits are of unknown length, and unknown potential, but they probably include influences that encompass thousands of cubic light-years. The electromagnetic energy moving through those galactic “transmission lines” is also unknown, but astronomers constantly report their amazement at the power of solar flares.
The Sun’s heliospheric boundary is a double layer “cocoon”, isolating it from galactic plasmas flowing through the ISM. Voltage differences occur within the heliosphere, so the Sun experiences charge/discharge phenomena related to variable electrical input from the Milky Way. Therefore, sunspots and flares most likely derive from changes in its electrical supply, indicating cyclic input from its galactic circuit.
Consensus astrophysicists believe that “acoustical wave-guides” carry hot gas from inside the Sun. Their work uses hydrodynamic models to explain how electromagnetic radiation escapes the solar interior. In their models, solar flares are caused by so-called “magnetic reconnection” in the Sun’s atmosphere that short circuit its “magnetic field lines”. “Magnetic energy” then accelerates “superheated gas” into space. That hot gas is said to travel outward because kinetic effects “push” it.
An alternative to kinetic energy is an electrically active Sun, which means that electric discharges penetrate the solar photosphere, allowing electric charge to flow into its depths. Electromagnetic flux tubes, rather than acoustical wave-guides, expose the Sun’s darker, cooler interior. An important consideration regarding weather on Earth is that those flux tubes connect the Sun’s electromagnetic field directly to Earth’s ionosphere. How does that connection manifest in Earth’s environment?
Solar flares increase Earth’s auroral displays when they encounter its electromagnetic fields, so the conclusion is that flares are composed of charged particles. Since they follow Earth’s polar cusps, they are electrical in nature. On September 7, 2005 an X17 solar flare impacted Earth’s magnetosphere, knocking out radio transmissions and overloading power station transformers. Is it a coincidence that hurricanes Katrina (August 29th) and Rita (September 23rd) occurred on either side of the fourth largest X-flare ever recorded?
Further evidence for solar electrical influence is that, 12 years later, hurricanes Harvey (August 25, 2017) and Irma (with wind speeds of 290 kilometers per hour on September 10, 2017) were spawned before and after an X9.3 flare on September 8 (the eighth largest solar flare ever recorded) and then an X8.2 flare on the same day. At similar periods in the solar cycle, within days of each other, violent electromagnetic changes in the Sun initiated violent weather events on Earth.
Electric stars, like the Sun, generate electric fields. Whenever there is charge separation in a plasma, an electric field appears. That field accelerates charged solar particles, forming coherent flows of electric charge throughout the Solar System, otherwise known as Birkeland currents. When electricity builds up beyond a trigger point within the Sun’s inductive fields, solar plasma discharges at near relativistic velocities—solar flares could be like tremendous lightning bursts on the Sun.
Electric Universe advocate, Wal Thornhill wrote:
“It is obvious from looking at powerful mass expulsion activity in active stars and galaxies that gravitational models are inadequate to explain what is going on. Gravity is an attractive force only. Recourse to magnetic field behavior magically divorced from electric currents serves merely to reinforce the mystical quality of modern physics without telling us anything about the true cause.”
Stephen Smith
