Essential Guide to the EU – Chapter 5
Plasma Sheaths, Cells, and Current-Free Double Layers
Saturn Enceladus flux tube dgm
Saturn and its polar electrical connections to Enceladus. Measured cross section of current tube, above; Enceladus south pole jets where current is machining away the icy surface and depositing it into Enceladus ionosphere and plasma torus, similar to Io, above. NASA/Cassini Imaging team
