Cassini Equinox Titan Update
Dec
31, 2009
Almost a
year into its extended mission,
Cassini continues to reveal Titan's
chaotic, enigmatic surface.On October 15,
1997
NASA launched the Cassini-Huygens
spacecraft on a mission to explore Saturn and its family of moons, particularly
Titan. It was the largest payload ever
sent out to deep space, weighing almost six tons. It needed most of the seven
year journey to Saturn for gravity boosts from Venus, Earth, and Jupiter because
it could not carry enough onboard fuel to blast straight out to its target. As
it was, the proposed decade-long flight, with engine burns, instrument usage,
and radio transmissions to Earth, required that it carry several kilograms of
plutonium as its primary power source.
On January 14, 2005 the Huygens
probe separated from its mothership
and
successfully landed on the
frigid moon. In June of 2008, the
official mission timeline came to an
end. It was renamed Cassini Equinox
to commemorate the change of seasons
on Saturn as the Sun passed through
Saturn's equinox and began to
illuminate the giant planet from the
North. For the four year term of its
original mission, Saturn was lit
from the South, so NASA engineers
are taking advantage of this rare
opportunity.
Cassini recently flew close by
Titan, and on June 6, 2009 its
cameras will once again trace out a
swath of
radar images as it skims past
the planet-sized moon at a distance
of 965 kilometers from the surface.
It is expected that the same
low-lying regions NASA scientists
refer to as "lakes," as well as the
dendritic channels referred to as
"river valleys," will dominate the
conversation once the images are
analyzed.
For years NASA has maintained
that Titan's predominantly methane
atmosphere has to be constantly
replenished somehow, because so much
of it is destroyed by sunlight. If
the moon is as old as current
theories propose, with that much
leakage the atmosphere should have
entirely evaporated long ago. The
only mechanism that astrophysicists
could imagine as a source was oceans
of liquid methane beneath the dense
cloud cover.
The Huygens lander quickly
dispersed that idea when it touched
down on what appeared to be a flat,
rock-strewn plain. No methane
droplets were detected falling from
the sky, or precipitation of any
kind for that matter, and no pools
of methane were seen anywhere within
its field of view. Instead,
orbital images confirmed a
dry surface when vast areas
covered with dunes several meters
high were seen. The dune fields,
along with evidence for deeply
carved channels over several hundred
square kilometers, demonstrated that
forces other than flowing liquids
had been at work on Titan.
One of the principle tenets of
Electric Universe theory is that the
Solar System has been the scene of
catastrophic encounters between
charged planetary bodies at sometime
in the recent past. Electric fields
interacting with gigantic clouds of
plasma caused major disruptions both
in orbital arrangements and
geological stability among the
planets and moons. Indeed, many new
objects may have been added to the
mix in the form of cometary bodies
scaling down in size from something
as big as Venus to particles small
enough to make up Saturn's rings.
If it can be suggested, based on
the presupposition that Electric
Universe proposals are correct, that
Venus is a new member of the Solar
System, then why not apply the same
theory to Titan? If Titan is a
relatively new addition to Saturn's
system of some 60 moons, then the
fact of its methane atmosphere does
not indicate replenishment, but
youth. There simply hasn't been
enough time for Titan to lose its
atmosphere—its atmosphere has only
recently been created.
Titan is second only to Venus in
its atmospheric density. However,
what also prompted planetary
scientists to come up with the
"replenishment" theory to account
for it is that Titan is too small,
with too little gravity to hold an
atmosphere so dense. Assumptions
from conventional theories of Solar
System evolution are invalid when it
comes to Titan if it is billions of
years old.
If, like Venus, Titan is not an
ancient member of an even more
ancient system of planets, but is a
new member of an entirely remodeled
system that has come about recently,
then new ways of describing its
structure and behavior must be
considered.
A principle advocate of Electric
Universe concepts,
Wal Thornhill, has written
several
articles and offered many
opinions about Titan and its place
in an electrically charged Solar
System:
"We must therefore allow that
Venus and Titan may both have new
surfaces if planets and moons are
not formed through accretion by
impacts billions of years ago. The
'befuddlement' and 'mystery' may
prove to be the result of an
unquestioned belief in that
[billions-of-years-ago] hypothesis.
Predictions based on that story have
had no success in the space age. So
we may be confident that planets did
not accrete from a solar nebula."
Electrical activity on a scale
sufficient to carve out craters and
mountain ranges is something that is
never reported in the conventional
press. When it comes up at all, in a
comments section or a blog, the idea
is often mocked or banned more than
it is given any consideration.
When there is room in the
thoughts of reasonable people to
apply easily understood elements of
electrical theory to observations
that otherwise elicit confusion when
plugged into standard models, there
will be more clarity of perception.
Observations do not create new
theories, observations are inserted
into parameters that are previously
established according to a
hypothesis.
The Electric
Universe hypothesis provides a more complete picture when the images and data
from probes and telescopes are inserted into it. The primary reason it is not
considered a viable model is the time element involved. It is a foregone
conclusion among its opponents that the Solar System is much as it was since its
initial formation billions of years ago. To consider a 10,000 year time frame is
tantamount to blasphemy.
As has been publicized in these pages many times, though, a change in thought
often occurs when it is least expected. When the time for change comes to pass,
change is inevitable. The growing number of adherents to the Electric Universe
conception of how the cosmos operates means that further changes to human
thought are coming soon.
Stephen Smith