Thunderbolts.info legacy page  
     homeaboutessential guidepicture of the daythunderblogsnewsmultimediapredictionsproductsget involvedcontact
 
 
 

picture of the day

chronological archive               subject archive

 
 
 
 
 


First image of neutral oxygen and hydrogen at the interstellar boundary.
Credit: University of New Hampshire/Boston University.


 

Stars in Collision Part 1
May 20, 2010

Astronomers have recently discovered a band of energetic neutral atoms around the sky. This discovery supports the hypothesis that the Sun captured a previously independent Saturnian system, in which Saturn was the brown-dwarf primary for the planets Earth, Mars, and Venus.

With gravity, there is only one kind of star: condensed. A cloud of gas collapses into a tiny ball until nuclear fusion reactions heat it to incandescence. (Never mind that the cloud’s angular momentum—which it must have to generate a planetary accretion disk later on—will stop the collapse long before it becomes a tiny ball.)

With electricity, there are two kinds of stars: anodic and cathodic. The anodic is the most common. It forms in a z-pinch in galactic Birkeland currents. The star acts as an anode within a discharge that is driven by an electron-dominated galactic current. The Sun is the closest example, and space probes enable us to take measurements that can test and articulate the model. Most stars are driven, like the Sun, by current densities in dark mode discharge. It’s called “dark” only because it doesn’t radiate in the visible portion of the spectrum. In radio and x-ray wavelengths, it “shines.”

However, the structure of the z-pinch that generates and maintains the star is better seen in planetary nebulae and supernova remnants. The nebulae are driven by current densities in glow mode. We can see the structure of the z-pinch in visible light. The galactic current channel is composed of concentric tubes of current filaments. The tubes pinch down in the region in which the star forms, taking on an hourglass shape.

Near the star, electromagnetic forces produced by the current squeeze the plasma into bubbles. We see the initial stages of this process in the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on the Sun. Toroidal, or ring, currents form around the star in its equatorial plane, and double layers (bright “knots”) may appear in the helical “jets” (which are also Birkeland currents) that often emanate from the star’s poles.

Since the star is positively charged with respect to the galactic plasma, a sheath forms around it. With the gravity model of stars, the sheath is understood as the shock front between the stellar wind (assumed to be particles “boiled off” the hot star) and the interstellar gas through which the star is moving. Therefore, it must have a teardrop shape, compressed on the leading side and trailing off on the following side. If it were visible, it would look like a comet, and comet-like condensations have been observed in star-forming regions, apparently confirming the model.

However, recent observations by the IBEX satellite undermine the confirmation. IBEX measures the number and intensities of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) coming from all over the sky. ENAs are generated when fast-moving positive ions (primarily protons) acquire an electron and become electrically neutral (a hydrogen atom). As ions, the particles are confined to spiral along the Sun’s magnetic field, but the instant they combine with an electron they fly off in a straight line.

In the gravity model, the most likely place for solar wind protons to acquire an electron is in a collision with a hydrogen atom in the sheath. If the sheath has a teardrop shape, ENAs should be more or less evenly distributed around the sky. The IBEX observations revealed a band of increased ENAs that is perpendicular to the galactic magnetic field.

In the electric star model, this is precisely the location where the Sun’s neutral sheet current would interact with the galactic electron current in the z-pinch. ENAs most likely acquire their electrons from the galactic current.

Mel Acheson


 

 
 

"The Cosmic Thunderbolt"

YouTube video, first glimpses of Episode Two in the "Symbols of an Alien Sky" series.
 

 

And don't forget: "The Universe Electric"

Three ebooks in the Universe Electric series are now available. Consistently praised for easily understandable text and exquisite graphics.
 
 
 
 
SITE SEARCH
 
 
 

 
  This free site search script provided by JavaScript Kit  
 
SUBSCRIBE
 
  FREE update -

Weekly digest of Picture of the Day, Thunderblog, Forum, Multimedia and more.
 
 
*** NEW DVD ***
 
  Symbols of an Alien Sky
Selections Playlist

 
 
E-BOOKS
 
 
An e-book series
for teachers, general readers and specialists alike.
 
 
VIDEO
(FREE viewing)
 
  Thunderbolts of the Gods

 
 
PREDICTIONS
 
  Follow the stunning success of the Electric Universe in predicting the 'surprises' of the space age.  
 
MULTIMEDIA
 
  Our multimedia page explores many diverse topics, including a few not covered by the Thunderbolts Project.  
 
OUR VISITORS:
 
   
 
 

 
 
Authors David Talbott and Wallace Thornhill introduce the reader to an age of planetary instability and earthshaking electrical events in ancient times. If their hypothesis is correct, it could not fail to alter many paths of scientific investigation.
More info
Professor of engineering Donald Scott systematically unravels the myths of the "Big Bang" cosmology, and he does so without resorting to black holes, dark matter, dark energy, neutron stars, magnetic "reconnection", or any other fictions needed to prop up a failed theory.
More info
In language designed for scientists and non-scientists alike, authors Wallace Thornhill and David Talbott show that even the greatest surprises of the space age are predictable patterns in an electric universe.
More info
 

 
Disclaimer
The opinions expressed in the Thunderbolts Picture Of the Day are those of the authors of
the material, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Thunderbolts Project.
The linking to material off-site in no way endorses such material and the Thunderbolts
Project has no control of nor takes any responsibility for any content on linked sites.
 

 
EXECUTIVE EDITORS: David Talbott, Wallace Thornhill
MANAGING EDITOR: Stephen Smith
CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: Michael Armstrong, Dwardu Cardona,
Ev Cochrane, C.J. Ransom, Don Scott,
Rens van der Sluijs, Ian Tresman,
Tom Wilson
WEBMASTER: Brian Talbott
 
© Copyright 2010: thunderbolts.info
 
top ]
 
thunderbolts.info

home   •   picture of the day   •   thunderblogs   •   multimedia   •   resources   •   forum   •   updates   •   contact us   •   support us