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Today’s dominant cosmological framework, commonly referred to as ΛCDM (Lambda–Cold Dark Matter), rests on a set of assumptions required to make the model work. These include ordinary matter, which constitutes only a small fraction of the universe; cold dark matter, an unseen form of matter inferred to account for galaxy rotation and large-scale structure; and Λ, the cosmological constant—now interpreted as dark energy—invoked to account for certain astronomical observations that have been interpreted within the standard cosmological model as evidence for accelerating cosmic expansion.
Taken together, dark matter and dark energy account for roughly 95 percent of the universe as described by this model.
One might note that a model in which 95 percent of the universe is invisible has achieved remarkable success in describing what cannot be seen.
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