The Solar Circuit (Back to Basics)

[Solar]

Some thoughts:

Back to basics. To side with one or the other position as to whether the sun internally or externally 'powered' will be found to be an error. Simply put either approach is too limited. Such limited reasoning dispenses with developments at the experimental hands of The Founders of the electrical sciences such as Tesla, O. Heaviside, J. Maxwell, and the like. Electrical properties, such as "mutual inductance" for example, are known conjugate phenomena. Many of the concepts related to said conjugate phenomena are overlooked due to the overwhelming tendency to exclusively focus on the activities of electrons as the work horse of electrical puissance. That habit is the result of a simplest case scenario which induces myopia with regard to the actual most fundamental property of "electricity': the multidirectional movement or "flow" of "charge".

Characterizations of conjugate electrical phenomena include:

Conductance
Admittance
Susceptance
Inductance
Reactance
Impendence
Resistance

These terms speak to electrical relationships established throughout the history of Electrodynamic Theory that appear to have been forgotten and are surely neglected when the approach devolves into either an internal or external 'source' as 'cause' for electrical phenomena.

To me, o through the lens of recognizing electrical properties as conjugate phenomena does a more complete picture emerge. In conjunction with findings of IBEX, LASCO, Voyagers 1 & 2, Corotating Interaction Regions of sunward propagation does one begin to get a glimpse of the circuital relationships. Also the works of P. Firsch and others examining the detected presence of interstellar species within the confines of the heliosheath, as well as assessments of the Sun's motion through filaments of "clouds" and the motion of the "clouds" themselves needs to be congealed. These observations obviously establish a multiplicity of multi-directional 'charge flows'.

What one might refer to as 'input' impinging at the Sun takes the form of the detection of plasma also recognized as being somewhat unique to interstellar regions known to be filamentary. It's possible to consider those findings evidence that the Sun is "externally powered" but that conclusion would only be half correct. Without the incorporation of the electrical property of "Reactance", for example, the converging movement of 'charge' impinging on a relative 'surface' of a star becomes preferentially lopsided. With conjugate phenomena the Sun, or any other star and/or cluster of stars must 'react'; a 'charged' body must 'respond', to impinging "flux". With "Reactance" in mind the Sun would initiate its own electrodynamics (magnetic fields, 'return currents' etc) to "oppose" said 'input'. There has to be an 'response' from the unique properties of that charged body.

It has been experimentally assessed that several species of material will build up either "circulating currents" and/or "fields" in opposition to a change to electrical aspects of a circuit element (Superconductivity). This is the nature of conjugate phenomena and this is what bears the relationship that all 'charged' bodies and "fields" must necessarily constitute a 'crucial' relationship one to another. One electrical feature will beget the presence of another electrical feature in 'response' to an electrodynamic source. As such one cannot assert either external or internal exclusivity but instead a Simultaneity of Conjugate Electrodynamic Relationships, long ago established in the electrical sciences but not expressed as such, bridges the gap infused by the 'either, or' approach.

The purpose of this thread, and its challenge, is to invite members to constructively find and present Conjugate Electrodynamic Relationships that bear 'reciprocating' electrodynamic relations to cosmic events. Continued speculation as to whether or not the Sun is externally or internally powered isn't fulfilling from either approach imho. The answer is not either one or the other but the conjugate simultaneity of electrodynamic activities. With conjugate electrical phenomena the concept that a 'circuit element' will "opposed" a change in its electrodynamic characteristics is a bit misleading. The supposed 'opposition' is actually the attempt to maintain a 'steady state' of dynamic equilibrium. What does that look like?

The Sun would dynamically adjusts its 'output' to "modulate" the 'input' of the external electrical environment. What is the conjugate converse? The external environment ALSO adjust its 'input' depending the "modulation" of that upon which it is impinging. All of the above electrical terms, and many more only serve to speak to the perspective from which this bi-directional simultaneity is being viewed.

Tracing the solar circuit unique to the sun's neighborhood involves the process of realizing that whether the 'flow of charge' takes the form of "ion currents", "modulation of cosmic rays", the forward and reverse (sunward propagating) "electron beams" of "corotating interaction regions" discharging through the mixture of 'charged species' within the heliosphere. The heliosphere includes components unique to the interstellar medium '. This is the way that the integrated "circuital" aspect needs to be approached imho. There would exist matter from the 'outside' within; and matter unique to the inside will be found without. One honestly has to dispense with the 'gas flowing' motif and realize that 'charged matter' doesn't simply waft around out there. An example of conjugate electrical phenomena might be as follows...

[Solar]

The idea expressed with the nomenclature that the solar system, or any other star or cluster of same, is simply passing through "clouds" and "winds" of "gas" with little or no interaction utterly severs the presentation of the electrodynamics of charged plasma at large scales. As known, this is why a portion of astrophysics ends up creating unusual "mechanisms" to account for the production of X-Rays, Gamma Rays, Cosmic Rays etc. The point is that from a Conjugate Electrodynamics approach the filamentary environment within which the sun moves must bear 'mutual charge exchange' induced 'discharge' phenomena with that environment.

For example: "Coronal Holes" exhibit their own characteristics and are considered to consist of cooler plasma accompanied by the presence of "plumes". Also referred to as "coronal jets", the "plumes" are very powerful and correlate with the "fast solar wind". Ulysses space craft has detected a solar wind speed of some one million mph over the poles. As the "plumes" discharge through the solar atmosphere their influence extends along "open magnetic field lines" which is terminology simply meaning that it is unknown where the 'lines close'. When dispensing with the idea that that the Sun is either internally or externally powered the "plasma ball" analogy becomes readily apparent as an example of the Sun's contributory "Reactance" to 'input' from the surrounding interstellar environment. It means that there should exist electrodynmic features unique to the charged body that is the Sun ("closed loops") in conjunction with electrodynamic features integrating the "Reactance" principle with the rest of the Sun's environment ("open magnetic field lines").

(Image Source:NASA)

With the "plasma ball" analogy the 'electric input' normally associated with an electric cord plugged into an outlet connecting to the larger 'grid' ALSO has its bearing with the solar system 'plugged into' larger scale 'currents'. Member Celeste and I have been hot on the trail of these currents and potential electrodynamic 'connections' for quite some time now. What isn't seen in the above image is that 'inflows', or 'input', of 'conjoined' interstellar material "counter-streaming" sunward discharges have been detected and characterized as material "falling" towards the Sun. This must necessarily include the admixture of interstellar species known to coexist within the heliosphere while the Sun simultaneously coexist with these larger filamentary 'features'.

This is how the electrodynamics of 'internal' and 'external' interrelate to one another. Conjugates. Little statements congealing observations such as follows are an example of this:

The interaction of Loop I with the Sancini-van Woerden Fibre can result in the evaporation of significant part of the Fibre that can substantially influence the position of the heliopause in the Solar System. – The evolution of Local Interstellar Medium

The electrical relationship has been detected in astrophysical interpretations of the sunward "depletion" and/or "evaporation" of portions of filaments. The presence of interstellar dust grains within the heliosphere are also an example of this:

The dust experiment has discovered a flux of interstellar grains passing through the Solar System. The detections occur at the rate of about one detection every 3 or 4 days. Streams, or bursts, of dust were also discovered to be emanating from the Jovian system. An analysis of all Ulysses data has identified a total of 11 such streams, and revealed that the dust grains are electrically charged and their trajectories are bent by the solar-wind magnetic field. - The Heliosphere in Perspective - Key Results from the Ulysses Mission at Solar Minimum

What is the question? How long would it take for the plasma streaming from something like the Sancini-van Woerden Fibre to induce "Reactance" phenomena at the Sun? How long would it take for, for example, for a "steam" or "burst" of charged interstellar dust to induce "Reactance" phenomena at the Sun? The Sun, via "Reactance" must regularly "modulate" all of these sources of charged species converging within the confines of the heliosphere. It does so via electrodynamic "Reactance" initiating a 'response' to "oppose" a change in its equilibrium. Perhaps the 11-14yr solar cycle is the form that solar "modulation" of these combined charges takes in relation to the continual buildup of an overall 'voltage gradient". The presence of interstellar material within the heliosphere is more than a little suggestive of precisely how the detection of the Sun's existence within a filament(s) might be had:

In this case, the LIC cloud column density towards the star Sirius led to the conclusion that the Sun has entered the LIC cloud within the last 2,000-8,000 years, and that the Sun is about ~0.1 pc from the surface in the downwind direction (Frisch, 1994) When the upper limits of the Ca II column density towards Aql (Vallergra et al., 1993) and the LIC Fe II column density towards Cen (Lallement et al., 1995) are included, then we are forced to conclude that the Sun is located in a filament of difuse interstellar gas with a total thickness <0.7 pc. This filament is illustrated in Figure 4. - LISM STRUCTURE-FRAGMENTED SUPERBUBBLE SHELL?

When combined with other forms of local interstellar material it is somewhat possible to assess the Sun as existing within the influence of multiple filaments of different sizes with some at various distances. The "winds" concept constitutes "charge exchange" between them. All of this momentarily excludes electrical interaction between Sun and planets.

This is an attempt to possibly convey the larger scale dynamics. Even the presence of "galactic cosmic rays" within the heliophere can be interpreted as a conjoined influence not only to the overall buildup of a 'gradient' that becomes "modulated" via discharge phenomena; but also the integration of the Sun with the galactic environment. I suppose that if it's possible; one day the Voyagers would detect material unique to the Sun still present well outside of the heliosphere.

Why? Because that would be the way the Sun's electrical energy would integrate into the filaments as a less dense 'drift' of "return currents". But this would not necessarily take the form of just electrons. There is simply no way for an 'input', or 'inflow', of charged material from multiple converging electrical sources to avoid an overall "Reactance" from the charged body upon which said sources are impinging. The results establishes a relationship of conjugate (or 'reciprocating') electrical phenomena. Today, that simultaneity is interpreted as "charge exchange" and the evidence is already in. The Sun exchanges electrical phenomena with its external environment just as surely as the external environment is influenced by emanations of the Sun. The mixed presence of all of these species within the heilosphere is indicative of how the two 'systems' are coupled one to another.

It seems to me that any "model" separating the two phases is doomed to failure when there is ample evidence that the situation is quite the opposite.

Thank you Celeste for monumental contributions leading to this VERY generalized opinion piece. I have to take a break as I'm really exhausted in RL. Obviously constructive input is welcomed.

[jacmac]

Solar,
Elsewhere I proposed a solar system with these basic properties:

Solar system receives energy from galaxy currents.
Once inside heliosphere, charged particles and neutral particles move toward the sun.
Once into corona, neutral particles are ionized.
Charged particles continue toward photosphere.
Some penetrate photosphere and maintain charge on body under photosphere.
Body under photosphere acts as capacitor or giant battery.
Capacitor below and environment above make photosphere happen.
Solar wind of charge separated particles is basically a return current moving out to the outer heliosphere and beyond back to the Interstellar medium.

Would this solar system come close to fitting into your description above ?

I would call it externally powered as the charge on the inner core of the sun also comes from the external currents.

Jack

[Solar]

Solar,
Elsewhere I proposed a solar system with these basic properties:

Solar system receives energy from galaxy currents.
Once inside heliosphere, charged particles and neutral particles move toward the sun.
Once into corona, neutral particles are ionized.
Charged particles continue toward photosphere.
Some penetrate photosphere and maintain charge on body under photosphere.
Body under photosphere acts as capacitor or giant battery.
Capacitor below and environment above make photosphere happen.
Solar wind of charge separated particles is basically a return current moving out to the outer heliosphere and beyond back to the Interstellar medium.

Would this solar system come close to fitting into your description above ?

Accept for the "battery" part; yes. That is in general agreement and I've seen those other post.

I would call it externally powered as the charge on the inner core of the sun also comes from the external currents.

Jack

The "charge on the inner core" impresses as a 'transformation' of the external currents co-mingled with currents unique to the 'material' of Sun itself upon which said 'external' currents are incident. Thus the need for the incorporation of other sciences in assessing the nature of the Sun. Superconductivity is one of them:

In the field of Superconductivity “magnetic field lines’ are considered to ‘penetrate’ the material. The physics then observes the presence of “vortices” presenting bright spots at such locations. At the Sun, this relationship corresponds to the twinkling “plumes” or “coronal jets” associated with “coronal holes” which are then associated with the “open magnetic field lines”. That then is the presentation of electrical phenomena integrating a functional relationship beyond, let’s say 1 AU for example. So, from a relative ‘surface’ at the Sun out to 1 AU are observe the counter-flowing sunward bound “corotating interaction regions” beginning to ‘steepen’ into sunward propagating “beams”. The space probes themselves have been caught up in these sunward “beams”.

In this so-called Abrikosov vortex state, the superconductor is broken up into superconducting regions and vortex cores, in which the magnetic field penetrates the sample and there are no superconducting pairs. Surrounding the vortices are circulating currents that add a twist to the phase of the superconducting electrons' wavefunction. - Thin Films: Lean and mean superconductivity

It appears that the Sun may be ionizing some of the 'internal' and 'external' admixture of charged material within the heliosphere with the resulting electrons induced into "circulating currents" at the base of the "magnetic field lines". Different "flows" are observed with the double layers. "Reactance" is "modulating" the collective 'charge' of the various species. Take for example the "cosmic rays" portion of the admixture you've mentioned when considered specifically:

The most well-documented connection between the sun and Earth effects, other than the total sunlight, is in the cosmic rays received. This plot shows that the sunspot cycle (yellow) is anti-correlated with the cosmic rays (blue) detected at the station at Climax, Colorado. It is believed that this is caused by the solar magnetic field being stronger at solar maximum, which lets fewer cosmic rays penetrate into Earth's atmosphere, hence cosmic rays are at a minimum when solar activity is at a maximum. – Space Wheather

By way of reactance the Sun’s seeks to “oppose” the impinging “flux” by ‘responding’ to same initiating an increase in activity presenting its own ‘return fluxes’ and increase in magnetic field intensity in order to “modulate” the ‘input’ of cosmic rays. As a result, during such times of increased solar activity fewer cosmic rays are detected as the magnetic field is ‘internally induced’ to ‘repel’ the 'input' as a phase of ‘regulating’ the eletrodynamic impact on the Sun’s equilibrium. That would be a ‘normal’ feature of “Reactance” for a “circuit element” in ‘response’ to an “applied” electrodynamic condition. That is why this thread is subtitled “Back to Basics”. These are the some of fundamentals of Electrodynamic Theory as initiated long ago and it is to there that a return is needed to try and assess some of these observed conditions imho.

Commensurate with that is also found the idea that “cosmic rays” are a result of aggregate supernova. So what lay unspoken in that hypothesis? The principle of aggregate reactance elsewhere in galaxies are contributing to the overall ‘external’ electrical environment’ now observed to coexist with the heliosphere and influencing the activities of the Sun, locally. Integrate. The ‘internal’ is affecting the ‘external’ while simultaneously the ‘external’ is affecting the ‘internal’ as conjugates of one another. That is what “crucial” implies.

How long will it take for the Sun to ‘respond’ to impinging “flux” and what activities would be observed in said ‘response’? The incident “flux” is already present in the sheath with the various forms of charged species that have been detected. It is the aforementioned “streams” or “burst” of interstellar charged matter that is interesting. The ‘systems’ are “pulsed”. Every 11-14yrs appears to present the onset, 'response' and decline of ‘pulsed phenomena’.

How might a circuit element ‘respond’ to a cosmically “applied” electrical condition incident at its ‘surface’? Yes, one may say ‘externally’. The charged matter of 'responding' CME’s are then observed to traverse the whole heliopshere. That is kind of quirky isn’t it? It means that the ‘system(s)’ are actually ‘open’ to influencing one another. The physics has already explained one of the ways that the integration of 'charges’ from the 'external environment' is occurring with the observation of ‘porous bubbles’:

The structure of the sun's distant magnetic field—foam vs. no-foam—is of acute scientific importance because it defines how we interact with the rest of the galaxy.

(…)

The case of cosmic rays is illustrative. Galactic cosmic rays are subatomic particles accelerated to near-light speed by distant black holes and supernova explosions. When these microscopic cannonballs try to enter the solar system, they have to fight through the sun's magnetic field to reach the inner planets.

"The magnetic bubbles could be our first line of defense against cosmic rays," points out Opher. "We haven't figured out yet if this is a good thing or not."

On one hand, the bubbles would seem to be a very porous shield, allowing many cosmic rays through the gaps. On the other hand, cosmic rays could get trapped inside the bubbles, which would make the froth a very good shield indeed. – A Big Surprise from the Edge of the Solar System

To bridge the gap of indecision in that piece as to whether or not the heliopshere is ‘leaking’ (facilitating external charge to enter) or ‘protecting’ (excluding the entrance of external charge) instead consider that the stellar ‘system’ is “modulating” the electrodynamic integration of the incident external environment via “Reactance” in order to maintain equilibrium.

The astrophysics has observed with probes that the interstellar medium is interacting with the Sun in ways that they did not expect. They have detected material unique to several individual external filaments as well as the “walls” of the Loop One “bubble” co-mingling together. Added to this is the material from “shells” of the Sco-Cen complex interacting from another direction. Each has presence within the confines of the heliosheath. As a result of the Sun’s “Reactance” (this is being approached from the point of a principle; not specifics) to all of the impinging “flux” the “return currents” should be ‘depositing’ material from within the heliosphere ‘outside’ of same and into the very same filaments that influence the Sun’s electrical “Reactance”.

Today, these kind of electrical ‘interchanges’ between ‘internal’ and ‘external’ electrodynamics are now characterized as “winds” intermingling the various plasma. Along with these “winds” both the direction from whence they come and the “depletion” and/or “evaporation” characterizations of portions of the filaments and “shells” have been assessed quite nicely in some of the papers that have been reference in this Coffee Shop.

Nonetheless, it is obvious by evidence that the physics has detected the stars as integrated with the external environment. They must mutually interact and influence each other as they integrate and have been found to do that.

[D_Archer]

"i" "like" "your" "posts" "Solar", 'but' "i" 'do' "not" 'understand' all 'the' 'marks'. 'Can' "you" "explain"' '?'.

Regards,
Daniel

[Solar]

"i" "like" "your" "posts" "Solar", 'but' "i" 'do' "not" 'understand' all 'the' 'marks'. 'Can' "you" "explain"' '?'.

Regards,
Daniel

Ah.
I must’ve cracked at least two ribs laughing at the way you did that. I took liberties adding a fourth function for the apostrophe and use it to accentuate something as an abstract concept, analogy, and/or general principle as opposed to rigid definitions. Trying to put together a short synopsis of the circuital relationships extending out from to Sun to the larger galactic environment. This has already been done on the forum it’s just a bit scattered. Attempting to congeal the relationships into (hopefully) a more cohesive overall picture of the circuit(s)…

[Solar]

Moving out from the porous heliosheath one finds that:

“… a complete revision of what the heliosheath region looks like. The smooth, streamlined look is gone, replaced with a bubbly, frothy outer layer. – Voyager Satellites Find Magnetic Bubbles at Edge of Solar System

The very first video imagery depicts the arrival of cosmic rays to the Sun. While in route the cosmic rays are portrayed as being modulated/regulated at the boundary as a result of ricocheting around before passing through the porous sheath. This interaction is to be conjoined with the three other electrodynamic sources were referenced earlier: incident flows from the Sco-Cen complex, the Sun within the filamentary sheath of the Loop 1 Bubble, and noted interactions of the Sancini-van Woerden Fibre constituting four sources permeating the heliopshere and incident at the Sun. Now, move outward.

Cloud-Cloud Interactions in the LISM

Added nto the mix comes the work of Redfield & Linsky using radio scintillations in attempts to delineate “cloud-cloud interactions” occurring within the very local interstellar medium:

Cloud-cloud collisions may be responsible for the filamentary morphologies found in ~1/3 of LISM clouds, the distribution of clouds along the boundaries of the two nearest clouds (LIC and G), the detailed shape and heating of the Mic Cloud, the location of nearby radio scintillation screens, and the location of a LISM cold cloud. Contrary to previous claims, the Sun appears to be located in the transition zone between the LIC and G Clouds. - THE STRUCTURE OF THE LOCAL INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IV: DYNAMICS, MORPHOLOGY, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, AND IMPLICATIONS OF CLOUD-CLOUD INTERACTIONS

Extending the relationship consider that all of the aforementioned features are electrically interacting with each other. However, in the above example, the kinematics of collision based shockwaves used to describe these multiple interactions can overshadow the emission of X-Rays. The following paper also mentions a radio spectral index “typical of synchrotron”:

Interaction of the Loop I Supershell with the Local Hot Bubble

"Bubbles" and obviously their sheaths are observed to intermingle just outside our stellar door. However, the electrodynamics of plasmas should present more than the interpretive perspective of there being just an analogous cloudy day in the cosmos.

Sco-cen Association connected to Gould Belt

From a wider perspective still the aforementioned interactive Sco-Cen Complex influencing our solar systems along with the others …

… is thought to belong to the Gould Belt (GB, e.g. Blaauw 1991; de Zeeuw et al. 1999). – The interstellar medium surrounding the Scorpius-Centaurus association revisited[*][/url]

Along with Sco-Cen being considered as a part of the “ring of fire” known as the Gould Belt - the Gould Belt is then associated with our very own “galactic chimney”. The Gould Belt itself appears to form torus periodically knotted with the activities of different clusters of stars. The Sco-Cen Associations and the Loop 1 Bubble are interacting along the ring of the Gould Belt torus. What then is a “galactic chimney” for which the Gould belt forms a torus within?

A “galactic chimney” is an electrodynamic formation that occurs when a galactic scale magnetic field line and or dust filament intersects the galactic disk above and below the plane perpendicular to the ‘surface’ of the galactic disk. If one recalls the configuration of a bipolar nebula a similar configuration is what is occurring at various locations along the galactic disk at a much larger scale. The bright knotted torus in the image of that bipolar nebula, when translated to the larger scale of the galactic disk, would correspond with the Gould Belt. At the larger scale of galactic chimney proportions the two outer rings are sometimes simply referred to as “loops”.

Though the name “galactic chimney” is severely lacking in conveying the importance of these formations the features have been found. Where galactic scale magnetic fields intersect the ‘surface’ of the galactic disk a resulting concave, bowl-shaped depression, or ‘indentation’ is formed. Some of these interactions have been resolved along spiral arms:

"Galactic Chimneys": Electrodynamic Formations in the Disk

In this nearly edge on image of NGC253 the magnetic field lines are portrayed in overlay atop the image. Choose any line and realize that those field lines seek to “close” above and below the plane of the galactic disk perpendicular to it. Simply follow any consistent “loop” of a closing magnetic field line realizing that those field lines are intersecting the plane of the galactic disk perpendicular to it. The resulting ‘cup’ or ‘bowl’-type indentation that forms in the disk are referred to as “galactic chimneys”:

(Image 1) (Image 2)The Canadian Galactic Plane Survey (CGPS) W3/4/5/HB3 Galactic Complex in the Perseus spiral arm.

Images from the Astronomy Image-making Hands-On Session at the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics

Astronomers suspect that these “chimneys” are the result of energetic clusters of stars within the galactic disk forming bubbles that basically ‘pop’ ejecting plasma above and below the galactic plane and connect the interstellar plasma of the disk to the galactic halo. That is a large scale discharge from disk to halo. Keeping this in mind if one then moves towards galactic center note the resolution of electric currents (dust filaments) arcing into the galactic halo showcased in (Fig 3 & 4) HST WFPC2 F606W image of NGC 1808. This exemplifies large scale electrical discharge phenomena within the galaxy from galactic center outward. So called "galactic chimneys" are where these "lines of force" arc and intersect the galactic disk further out along the plane of the disk.

When conjoined with previous evidence our "local chimney" with its Gould Belt is just such a feature. If then it’s just electrons, a simplest case scenario, that one needs to complete the galactic solar circuit, , then have some:

CALET Observation of Galactic Electrons in the Helisphere

Summary:

It is quite frankly a vital and necessary aspect of trying to assess the nature of the solar circuit to examine the integrated ‘structures’ such as tori, bipolar configurations, as well as filaments, shells, shockwaves, ionization fronts etc as they increase in scale moving outward from the Sun towards galactic proportions. These electrodynamic features interconvert one to another as a result of currents intersecting directly with the medium - especially when their orientations bear the accustomed ninety degree perpendicular relationship that is more than a little familiar to electric currents and magnetic fields. The “Reactance” principle of electrodynamics speaks to a simultaneity of action-reaction/reaction-action; not one or the other and yes – there may be ‘delays’ between this dual bimodal function.

The collective activity of stellar clusters within the plane of a galactic disk as a whole then go onward electrically integrating galaxies themselves to the rest of the cosmos in the form of what what?: Galactic Winds. In light of existing evidence, the above merely scratches the surface. How anyone can separate the Sun as an island and posit that there exist no connection electrical or otherwise to the Milky Way and beyond is not a question to be entertained. It is to witness a self-imposed limitation for which any such idea, hypothesis, or theory is destined to come up short. The collective ‘input’ of cosmic electrical phenomena incident at the Sun as observed existing inside the heliosphere is simultaneously sustained by the collective ‘output’ of the Sun and so very many stars. Existing evidences and assessments recognize that the types of formations mentioned herein are interconnected. Astrophysics already understands this. In this way, imho, the solar circuit and its galactic electrical integration can more than generally be understood to exist. However, if its just filaments one is searching for they have a tendency to 'terminate' on 'surfaces' (intersecting the medium) producing these kind of structural electrodynamic features which must be integrated.

[seasmith]

~

Solar linked:

The sun's magnetic field spins opposite directions on the north and south poles. These oppositely pointing magnetic fields are separated by a layer of current called the heliospheric current sheet. Due to the tilt of the magnetic axis in relation to the axis of rotation of the Sun, the heliospheric current sheet flaps like a flag in the wind.

http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/details.cgi?aid=10790

Hi Solar,

That's the current interpretation of the data, and it's not bad considering their sampling densities.
Connecting the dots on their "fields" and "flags" (i.e. Parker ballerina skirt) ;
<and just at a local solar system range>, i'll venture a guess that, in 3D,
we are looking at Meyl's 'counter-rotating converging (magneto-dielectric) poloidal vortices,
and LaPointe's surrounding helicoidal toroid.

To go with a "bead-on-the -string" analogy, it would be the same electrico-dynamics (and approximating math) as a Birkland current,
but centered around a gravitational 'node',
or plasmic centroid.

[this perspective would resolve from an ESG (electro-static gyro) view of a solar system as a gravity-centered plasmic entity, or electric organellae.
(sorry, no link for that other than previous Tbolts postings)


D-Archer,
apologies in advance for all the allusional ellipses and quasi-quotational "marks" ''''' ''''''' '"
ß∂ƒ©¡™£¢∞

[seasmith]

&
of course i concur with your premise of bi-directional sun-galaxy (at the least) charge flows and the whole concept of electrical reciprocity.
imo,

the composite solar surface is a complex electrode

i.e. electro-positive and electro-negative surface domains conducing recipical charge flows.

[celeste]

In this case, the LIC cloud column density towards the star Sirius led to the conclusion that the Sun has entered the LIC cloud within the last 2,000-8,000 years, and that the Sun is about ~0.1 pc from the surface in the downwind direction (Frisch, 1994) When the upper limits of the Ca II column density towards Aql (Vallergra et al., 1993) and the LIC Fe II column density towards Cen (Lallement et al., 1995) are included, then we are forced to conclude that the Sun is located in a filament of difuse interstellar gas with a total thickness <0.7 pc. This filament is illustrated in Figure 4. - LISM STRUCTURE-FRAGMENTED SUPERBUBBLE SHELL?

When combined with other forms of local interstellar material it is somewhat possible to assess the Sun as existing within the influence of multiple filaments of different sizes with some at various distances. The "winds" concept constitutes "charge exchange" between them. All of this momentarily excludes electrical interaction between Sun and planets.

This is an attempt to possibly convey the larger scale dynamics.

Solar, Figure 4 is a keeper, but we need to show what is at the center of curvature of those curving "clouds".
One parsec (shown for scale in that figure),is 3.26 ly. We do have a star ,(Arcturus), about 37 ly (~11 parsecs) from us, which is also 38 ly from Altair, and about 40 ly from Sirius. Does that seem a reasonable distance for the center of curvature of those "clouds"? Keep in mind too, that the sun's motion is more or less in the plane of Gould's Belt, while Arcturus is traveling more or less parallel to the chimney axis (orthogonal to our motion). Arcturus also has one of the highest proper motions of any nearby stars. A star (or its stream) cutting through our neighborhood at a high speed and at right angles to our motion? That could be the basis for the magnetic field as depicted?

[Lloyd]

Celeste said: Keep in mind too, that the sun's motion is more or less in the plane of Gould's Belt, while Arcturus is traveling more or less parallel to the chimney axis (orthogonal to our motion). Arcturus also has one of the highest proper motions of any nearby stars. A star (or its stream) cutting through our neighborhood at a high speed and at right angles to our motion? That could be the basis for the magnetic field as depicted?

The Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy is nearby. It actually makes a ring around the Milky Way at a 90 degree angle. Cardona found apparently strong evidence that Earth and Saturn came from that galaxy before being captured by the Sun.

[celeste]

Celeste said: Keep in mind too, that the sun's motion is more or less in the plane of Gould's Belt, while Arcturus is traveling more or less parallel to the chimney axis (orthogonal to our motion). Arcturus also has one of the highest proper motions of any nearby stars. A star (or its stream) cutting through our neighborhood at a high speed and at right angles to our motion? That could be the basis for the magnetic field as depicted?

The Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy is nearby. It actually makes a ring around the Milky Way at a 90 degree angle. Cardona found apparently strong evidence that Earth and Saturn came from that galaxy before being captured by the Sun.

Llyod,
Cardona is depending on some mainstream ideas, which unfortunately for him, are pure nonsense. I usually prefer to reference journal articles, but these two "quickie" references will give you an idea of the mainstream thinking on the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittariu ... dal_Galaxy and
http://www.scientificamerican.com/artic ... te-spiral/

They see the dwarf galaxy up near the Milky Way's galactic pole, and based on what they know of gravity only orbits, they think the dwarf must be in an orbit that crosses through the plane of the Milky Way. So how did that galaxy stay intact after all those interactions? It was held together by an unusually high concentration of dark matter. That same concentration of dark matter, can then be used to explain why our galaxy has spiral arms. So how do other galaxies get spiral arms? It's dwarf clusters with unusually high concentrations of dark matter for everyone.
Personally, I'm a bit skeptical of the mainstream's distance and radial velocity measurements for the dwarf. I'm even more skeptical of the dwarf's "dark matter" content, as well as the "dark matter" in our galaxy (remember the mainstream puts a more spherical halo of dark matter around our galaxy, so up out of the disk, it would be even a higher ratio of dark matter to baryonic matter). So I really question how well they would understand the dwarf's orbit,even if it WAS only a gravity only orbit. If it's not a gravity only orbit, is it orbiting our galactic center, or the filament on which our galaxy is strung? Then too, I don't trust that past interactions with that galaxy is what caused our galaxy to have spiral arms. I don't think there is any solid evidence that the dwarf galaxy was here in our midst to give up it's planets or stars.

Having said all that, I'm not adverse to the idea of capture from outside our system. As Solar is pointing out, there are at least a couple of scales of filamentary structures right here in our local chimney region. With stars streaming down near the chimney axis , and other stars circling us on all sides (Gould's Belt), I don't think we need to go out nearly as far as another galaxy to get the interactions we need. More so, if you want to keep these events in the period of recorded history.

[Lloyd]

Celeste, I believe you're mischaracterizing Cardona's work. I'm almost certain he doesn't buy dark matter theory. He accepts EU theory. I brought up the Sag DEG because you mentioned the orientation of the local chimney and it sounds like it may be oriented the same way as the Sag DEG (perpendicular to the Milky Way disk), though I don't know the distance to the latter.

This seems to be a good image of the Sag DEG: http://maya12-21-2012.com/2012forum/gal ... 56_31.jpeg from this website: http://www.in5d.com/dna-upgrade-through-galaxies.html.

Here's Gould's belt: http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2 ... /img90.gif from: http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2 ... :Belt:evol and http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full/2 ... a3213.html.

Here's the local "chimney": http://www.ras.ucalgary.ca/CGPS/pilot/press/diagram.gif.

[Millennium]

Solar, SeaSmith, All ...

Been much delayed, but seems my work for this year includes developing Circuit Board models for our connected and continuous Cosmic Realms, Octaves, Divinities whom we variously name Stars, StarStreams, Galaxies, Galactic Clusters, SuperClusters, etc. (including Superluminally-Spinning Toroidal Superstars).

I created this 'hands-on' fb research group (current name of AstroElectronics) to focus the dialog and archive the materials -- https://www.facebook.com/groups/296087350585943/

Please DO send anyone our way who wants to observe or participate in the work.

And, I expect, I will be back to the Thunderbolts forum to share some of our designs/depictions ...

Singing all our Celestial Serpent Relations,


Millennium Twain

[Solar]

~

Connecting the dots on their "fields" and "flags" (i.e. Parker ballerina skirt) ;
<and just at a local solar system range>, i'll venture a guess that, in 3D,
we are looking at Meyl's 'counter-rotating converging (magneto-dielectric) poloidal vortices,
and LaPointe's surrounding helicoidal toroid.

To go with a "bead-on-the -string" analogy, it would be the same electrico-dynamics (and approximating math) as a Birkland current,
but centered around a gravitational 'node',
or plasmic centroid.

[this perspective would resolve from an ESG (electro-static gyro) view of a solar system as a gravity-centered plasmic entity, or electric organellae.
(sorry, no link for that other than previous Tbolts postings)

I'm not familiar with the work of Lapointe but I agree with your overall assessment. I think it can be detailed along circuital lines similar to the following:

The counter-rotating vortex along the negative polarity of the dipole magnetic field is something that seems to get missed with regard to the heliospheric current sheet. Everything seems focused on the Sun prodigious 'output'. An inward propagating radial discharge bridled between the boundaries of the high speed solar wind above and below the equatorial current sheet for a rotating electric and/or magnetic field should produce bipolar spiraling i.e. inward propagating discharges coupled to the simultaneity of outward propagating discharges. This is probably the nature of the beams produced by “corotating interaction regions” as a result of the positive and negative magnetic fields conjoined (its is a dipole after all). This is what I think is being observed with the simultaneity of the two polarities (the dipole) of the Sun’s magnetic field labelled as “Outward IMF” and “Inward IMF” as the fields are shown changing their dipole configuration over time here:

Polar plots of the solar wind speed

With the admixture of charged specie found within the heliosphere, both local interstellar charged matter and galactic cosmic rays - when looked at three dimensionally - presents “outward” / “inward” spherical discharge phenomena. The changing polarity of the magnetic field doesn’t seem to get much attention in these considerations as to why there has been found material flowing sunward even though the Sun’s dipole moment is recognized. The Sun is positioned within the confines of the admixture of the various specie which themselves may undergo “burst” according to the region to which they belong. For example, those specie within the heliosphere primarily associated with the Loop 1 Bubble may see a sudden increase in activity (an increase in population density aka ‘charge density’) because of the activity of the “shell” of the Loop 1 Bubble itself. The same may occur with cosmic rays and /or the matter local to the ISM, or from Sco-Cen complex, or with ‘input’ from the the nearby Sancini-van Woerden Fibre . Charged specie from all of these various ‘inputs’ have been discovered within the heliosheath and as such they form a unique electric potential gradient as a result of the Sun modulating/regulating these ‘external inputs’ as a collective; through the porous heliosheath.

Paschen’s Law, from the general point of view, would then present that at some distance from the electrode, the Sun in this case, the ‘build up’ of potential must produce a “breakdown” into “arc discharge” across the “gap”. What “gaps”? The “gaps” composed of the “dark spaces” or “dark discharge” regions within the admixture. This particular aspect of the admixture, using electrons in a simplest case scenario, is dual with a portion contributing to the formation of a “Halo” of electric potential within the sheath. This halo can also undergo "depletions" forming "field-aligned, counterstreaming fluxes
of suprathermal electron":

Solar wind electron halo depletions at 90 ø pitch angle

However, the “Halo” doesn’t consist of an electric potential comprised of electrons alone. It seems that the Sun can ‘draw this potential down’ along the lines of the “inward IMF’ as conjoined inward propagating discharges directed towards Sol. At our scale perhaps the probes would merely ‘see’ material “falling” at the Sun along the lines of the oft neglected inward spiralling aspect of the current sheet’s negative polarity aspect of the magnetic field. It must be remembered also that the filaments of the discharging potential ae extremely dynamic. They constantly reconfigure themselves from weeks, to hours, to minutes, undergoing changes between filamentation to “halos” of potential, then from a “halo” of potential to filamentation. There is of course more to be found along this line of reasoning.

Solar, Figure 4 is a keeper, but we need to show what is at the center of curvature of those curving "clouds".
One parsec (shown for scale in that figure),is 3.26 ly. We do have a star ,(Arcturus), about 37 ly (~11 parsecs) from us, which is also 38 ly from Altair, and about 40 ly from Sirius. Does that seem a reasonable distance for the center of curvature of those "clouds"? Keep in mind too, that the sun's motion is more or less in the plane of Gould's Belt, while Arcturus is traveling more or less parallel to the chimney axis (orthogonal to our motion). Arcturus also has one of the highest proper motions of any nearby stars. A star (or its stream) cutting through our neighborhood at a high speed and at right angles to our motion? That could be the basis for the magnetic field as depicted?

You bring up an interesting point. A filament extending from galactic center and arcing to intersect the rotating disk some distance away presents the electrical interaction referred to as “galactic chimney”. Surely a “stellar stream” perpendicular to the galactic plane could be a part of such an interaction and the proper motion of that “stream” could be according to the motion induced roughly along the perpendicular 'chimney axis’ coupled with our orbital motion around the galaxy. An observer might interpret a group of such stars entrained to the orthogonal dynamics of the ’chimney axis’ as a perpendicular “stream” of old stars heading out of the galactic plane as a co-moving group sharing a velocity component. The co-moving group might also be characterized as an “old disk population” and considered as having been ‘captured’ or disturbed from a former location within the galactic plane by a passing and/or interacting “dwarf galaxy”.

It seems that something else would also need to occur around these “chimneys”. Electrodynamic forces would probably interact with the surrounding medium of the disk so as to induce rotation about the ‘chimney axis’ for quite some distance away. In other words, for some distance away, a portion of the disk medium (including stars, entire solar systems, local interstellar matter, and stellar groups) would seem to need to share some rotatiion about that perpendicular ‘chimney axis’.

The astrophysics has couched the interaction of filaments arcing from galactic center and intersecting perpendicular to the galactic disk as multiple supernova induced “galactic plane blowout”, “galactic fountains”, galactic rain”, “fountain flow”, and/or “superbubble blowout” from the galactic disk.

What is rarely shown is the bipolar configuration that should occasionally, if not consistently (for more powerful galactic electric currents), exist above and below the galactic plane. Nonetheless, and as discussed before, the feature has not only been simulated but most importantly - observed as “large Galactic HI supershell” (Figure 3).

How could such a powerful perpendicular electrical interaction not induce rotation about the ‘chimney axis’ in the magnetized intergalactic medium of the galactic plane with which it interacts? The astrophysics separates the relation and considers our Sun to be a part of the “thin disk” stars whereas Arcturus is considered to have once been a part of “thick disk” stars. My quandary worsens when considering the churning orbits of stars roughly in the proximity to the “mini spiral” of Sag A*:



That “mini spiral” and its “circumnuclear disk” have been directly associated as being the point of intersection for the electric current known as the Double Helix Nebula. In order to be consistent, out here in one of the spiral arms with an electric current forming a galactic chimney in my back yard where is my rotation of the disk medium for which our Sun is a part about the axis of the galactic chimney filament?? Huh?

The Sun, appears to have been pegged as some wild star simply out here in a spiral arm orbiting the Milky Way with just gravity haphazardly holding everything together. There is something wrong with that picture. It appears to me that the circuital relationships can be roughly traced as being electrodynamically coupled to the Milky Way as this thread tries to showcase. Somewhere between Sirius and Arcturus I suspect that our Sun will be found to have an orbit within in a larger Hierarchical Star System. Has anyone seen anything regarding the possibility of that?