Let's Examine "Dave" and See If He Has Any Valid Points
Posted: Sat Oct 22, 2022 9:54 pm
jackokie says »
"Look at the evidence"? That's crazy talk, said the chorus of astrologers - er, consensus astrophysicists.
You know, when you said "consensus astrophysicists," you really got me thinking about the order of events, and just exactly how the work of Halton Arp was so easily and completely minimized and suppressed. What he was finding all over the sky were quasar pairs which were positioned on either side of galactic centers, and these pairs of quasars had redshifts much greater than the galaxies they were connected to. But his papers were turned down in Journal after Journal, and publisher after publisher refused to print his observations.
By the time the radio and x-ray observations were coming in, showing bridges and jets and quasars associated with wild galaxies, "the fix was in." The Fix had already been in for more than 20 years, with none other than Einstein's relativity at the center of the Fix.
Halton Arp wrote:
"Key Events in Cosmology - The Theory
It is currently believed that rigorous cosmology started in the early 1920's after Einstein wrote down the equations of general relativity. These essentially represented the conservation of mass, energy, momentum, etc. in the most general possible coordinate system. In 1922, the Russian mathemetician, A. Friedmann, 'solved' these equations, i.e., showed how the system would behave in time. It is interesting to note that at first, Einstein felt this solution was incorrect. Later he said it was correct, but of no consequence. Finally he accepted the validity of this solution, but was so unhappy with the fact that it was not a stable solution, i.e., it either collapsed or expanded, that he retained the cosmological constant he had earlier introduced in order to keep the universe static. (This constant was later referred to as the cosmological fudge factor.)
In 1924, Hubble persuaded the world that the 'white nebulae' were really extragalactic, and a few years later announced that the redshifts of their spectral lines increased as they became fainter. This redshift-apparent magnitude relation for galaxies became known as the Hubble law (through lack of rigor, often referred to as the redshift-distance relation).
At this point Einstein dropped his cosmological constant as a great mistake, and adopted the view that his equations had been telling him all along, that the universe was expanding. Thus was born the Big Bang theory, according to which the entire universe was created instantaneously out of nothing 15 billion years ago.
This really is the entirety of the theory on which our whole concept of cosmology has rested for the last 75 years. It is interesting to note, however, that Hubble the observer, even up to his final lecture at the Royal Society, always held open the possibility that the redshift did not mean velocity of recession but might be caused by something else."
"Look at the evidence"? That's crazy talk, said the chorus of astrologers - er, consensus astrophysicists.
You know, when you said "consensus astrophysicists," you really got me thinking about the order of events, and just exactly how the work of Halton Arp was so easily and completely minimized and suppressed. What he was finding all over the sky were quasar pairs which were positioned on either side of galactic centers, and these pairs of quasars had redshifts much greater than the galaxies they were connected to. But his papers were turned down in Journal after Journal, and publisher after publisher refused to print his observations.
- https://www.haltonarp.com/illustrations/arphf2
Fig 3.1. NGC 4258 with quasars and redshift values by Halton Arp. "This pair with z=.40 and z=.65 fall across a bright Seyfert 2 galaxy known to be radio and x-ray material."
- https://www.haltonarp.com/illustrations/arphf2
By the time the radio and x-ray observations were coming in, showing bridges and jets and quasars associated with wild galaxies, "the fix was in." The Fix had already been in for more than 20 years, with none other than Einstein's relativity at the center of the Fix.
Halton Arp wrote:
"Key Events in Cosmology - The Theory
It is currently believed that rigorous cosmology started in the early 1920's after Einstein wrote down the equations of general relativity. These essentially represented the conservation of mass, energy, momentum, etc. in the most general possible coordinate system. In 1922, the Russian mathemetician, A. Friedmann, 'solved' these equations, i.e., showed how the system would behave in time. It is interesting to note that at first, Einstein felt this solution was incorrect. Later he said it was correct, but of no consequence. Finally he accepted the validity of this solution, but was so unhappy with the fact that it was not a stable solution, i.e., it either collapsed or expanded, that he retained the cosmological constant he had earlier introduced in order to keep the universe static. (This constant was later referred to as the cosmological fudge factor.)
In 1924, Hubble persuaded the world that the 'white nebulae' were really extragalactic, and a few years later announced that the redshifts of their spectral lines increased as they became fainter. This redshift-apparent magnitude relation for galaxies became known as the Hubble law (through lack of rigor, often referred to as the redshift-distance relation).
At this point Einstein dropped his cosmological constant as a great mistake, and adopted the view that his equations had been telling him all along, that the universe was expanding. Thus was born the Big Bang theory, according to which the entire universe was created instantaneously out of nothing 15 billion years ago.
This really is the entirety of the theory on which our whole concept of cosmology has rested for the last 75 years. It is interesting to note, however, that Hubble the observer, even up to his final lecture at the Royal Society, always held open the possibility that the redshift did not mean velocity of recession but might be caused by something else."