by crawler » Wed Apr 29, 2020 10:15 pm
I have been thinking about possible causes of the high redshifts of some quasars found by Arp -- Arp showed that these were not due to Doppler, hencely zero Bigbang. Arp introduced a fishy concept involving young atoms & old atoms, but i reckon that the causes might be as follows.....
Einsteinian (ticking) Redshift (1). If photons are emitted (created)(i mean re-created) near the surface of a quasar (a super massive star say), then here the hi gravity (or whatever Einstein called it) slows light, & also slows atomic processes (Einsteinian ticking dilation), & hencely the emitted photons are immediately redshifted during creation (compared to photons emitted at ordinary stars). This redshift does not cause dispersion.
Larmorian (ticking) Redshift (2). During (1) The hi speed of the aetherwind flowing towards the quasar (where aether is destroyed) slows atomic processes by the Larmorian factor (Larmorian ticking dilation)(in addition to the Einsteinian ticking dilation in (1)). No dispersion
Einsteinian (gravity) Redshift (3). The nearness of mass slows light, hencely photons stretch as they propagate away from the quasar. The head of each photon is accelerating faster than the tail. There is a little longitudinal dispersion if photons are propagating directly away from the quasar, & when propagating at an angle then higher frequency photons will be bent towards the quasar hencely giving transverse dispersion. I know that Einstein Shift will not produce dispersion of any kind, but (3) is not due to Einstein Shift even though my naming names Einstein, & the true cause can produce longitudinal dispersion &or transverse dispersion but i wont explain here.
Krafftian Redshift (4). Aether flowing towards the quasar is stretched as the aether accelerates, & photons propagating away from the quasar stretch in the aether. Imagine the head of the photon, this propagates at c km/s in the aether, & the head accelerates in the direction of propagation (according to an observer on the quasar) because the aether inflow is slower at greater distance. Imagine the tail of that photon, this accelerates more slowly than the head, hencely the photon stretches. Krafft wrote about this kind of stretching in 1963. There is no dispersion
Ranzan's (cosmic) Redshift (5). Photons propagating through the cosmic cells of our infinite universe are stretched due to (4) as they approach micro mass (eg electrons) & also as they approach macro mass (eg stars). Plus they get another dose of stretching due to (4) as they depart micro mass & macro mass. This double whammy of stretching (ie firstly during approach & secondly during departure) is counterintuitive (indeed Marmet doesn't understand), but if u think about it u might get it. Aether stretches on both approach & departure, & the photons stretch with the aether. Handy hint -- think of what happens to the head & tail of photons. It produces stretching of photons, & bending of light, but does not produce any dispersion due to frequency, ie all frequencies are stretched by the same %, & all frequencies suffer the same amount of bending (ie contributing to lensing).
Mainstream (faux) Redshifts (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Other doses of cosmic redshift in accordance with old tired light & new tired light theories etc (none of which impress me). And they would all cause lots of dispersion.
Doppler Redshift (11). The genuine Doppler effect due to a quasar's velocity with respect to an observer.
Arp's redshifts of quasars are i think explained by (1)(2)(3)(4), & of course (11). Although there are some exotic complications identified by Arp which i haven’t considered yet.
After (1)(2)(3)(4)(11) have done their job in the vicinity of the quasar, then we get further redshifting due to (5), (5) being the one & only true cause of cosmic redshift. Here i don't count (11) Doppler as being a cosmic redshift, (11) is due to what happens at the quasar & what is happening at the observer, it isn't affected by what happens in the cosmos.
(3) is a potential cause of cosmic redshift, but if u think about it u will see that it produces blueshift on approach to mass, & redshift on departure, the two negating. Ranzan mentions this.
LENSING. (3) does however contribute to lensing, probably in equal measure to the lensing produced by (5). This is indicated by the 1.75 arcsec of bending near the Sun, of which 0.87 arcsec is due to (5)(sometimes called the Newtonian bending), & 0.87 arcsec is due to (3). (3) produces bending because photons are slowed on their nearside to the Sun, & hencely veer towards the Sun.
I have been thinking about possible causes of the high redshifts of some quasars found by Arp -- Arp showed that these were not due to Doppler, hencely zero Bigbang. Arp introduced a fishy concept involving young atoms & old atoms, but i reckon that the causes might be as follows.....
[u]Einsteinian (ticking) Redshift (1).[/u] If photons are emitted (created)(i mean re-created) near the surface of a quasar (a super massive star say), then here the hi gravity (or whatever Einstein called it) slows light, & also slows atomic processes (Einsteinian ticking dilation), & hencely the emitted photons are immediately redshifted during creation (compared to photons emitted at ordinary stars). This redshift does not cause dispersion.
[u]Larmorian (ticking) Redshift (2).[/u] During (1) The hi speed of the aetherwind flowing towards the quasar (where aether is destroyed) slows atomic processes by the Larmorian factor (Larmorian ticking dilation)(in addition to the Einsteinian ticking dilation in (1)). No dispersion
[u]Einsteinian (gravity) Redshift (3).[/u] The nearness of mass slows light, hencely photons stretch as they propagate away from the quasar. The head of each photon is accelerating faster than the tail. There is a little longitudinal dispersion if photons are propagating directly away from the quasar, & when propagating at an angle then higher frequency photons will be bent towards the quasar hencely giving transverse dispersion. I know that Einstein Shift will not produce dispersion of any kind, but (3) is not due to Einstein Shift even though my naming names Einstein, & the true cause can produce longitudinal dispersion &or transverse dispersion but i wont explain here.
[u]Krafftian Redshift (4). [/u] Aether flowing towards the quasar is stretched as the aether accelerates, & photons propagating away from the quasar stretch in the aether. Imagine the head of the photon, this propagates at c km/s in the aether, & the head accelerates in the direction of propagation (according to an observer on the quasar) because the aether inflow is slower at greater distance. Imagine the tail of that photon, this accelerates more slowly than the head, hencely the photon stretches. Krafft wrote about this kind of stretching in 1963. There is no dispersion
[u]Ranzan's (cosmic) Redshift (5). [/u] Photons propagating through the cosmic cells of our infinite universe are stretched due to (4) as they approach micro mass (eg electrons) & also as they approach macro mass (eg stars). Plus they get another dose of stretching due to (4) as they depart micro mass & macro mass. This double whammy of stretching (ie firstly during approach & secondly during departure) is counterintuitive (indeed Marmet doesn't understand), but if u think about it u might get it. Aether stretches on both approach & departure, & the photons stretch with the aether. Handy hint -- think of what happens to the head & tail of photons. It produces stretching of photons, & bending of light, but does not produce any dispersion due to frequency, ie all frequencies are stretched by the same %, & all frequencies suffer the same amount of bending (ie contributing to lensing).
[color=#4000FF]Mainstream (faux) Redshifts (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Other doses of cosmic redshift in accordance with old tired light & new tired light theories etc (none of which impress me). And they would all cause lots of dispersion.
[/color]
[u]Doppler Redshift (11).[/u] The genuine Doppler effect due to a quasar's velocity with respect to an observer.
[color=#BF0000]Arp's redshifts of quasars are i think explained by (1)(2)(3)(4), & of course (11). Although there are some exotic complications identified by Arp which i haven’t considered yet. [/color]
After (1)(2)(3)(4)(11) have done their job in the vicinity of the quasar, then we get further redshifting due to (5), (5) being the one & only true cause of cosmic redshift. Here i don't count (11) Doppler as being a cosmic redshift, (11) is due to what happens at the quasar & what is happening at the observer, it isn't affected by what happens in the cosmos.
(3) is a potential cause of cosmic redshift, but if u think about it u will see that it produces blueshift on approach to mass, & redshift on departure, the two negating. Ranzan mentions this.
[u]LENSING. [/u](3) does however contribute to lensing, probably in equal measure to the lensing produced by (5). This is indicated by the 1.75 arcsec of bending near the Sun, of which 0.87 arcsec is due to (5)(sometimes called the Newtonian bending), & 0.87 arcsec is due to (3). (3) produces bending because photons are slowed on their nearside to the Sun, & hencely veer towards the Sun.