Greetings
I agree, I mean I suspect that the CMB could better be explained by the Heliosheath/Heliopause interaction with charged particles in interstellar space...
I remember hearing about this
surprise when an audible 3kHz signal was detected way out
past Jupiter...
a few years ago I read George Smoot's book 'Wrinkles in Time'...
where he describes the valiant efforts to find the much-needed anisotropy
of the CMB...
I just watched Pierre-Marie Robitaille's 47 min talk on blackbody radiation which is very relevant to the CMB
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8ijbu3bSqI
I read his ad (which apparently cost him a year's salary, and which he took out to publish his work because he couldn't get it accepted in mainstream publications...)
http://web.archive.org/web/200805111852 ... /times.pdf
Everything in that ad seems quite reasonable....
yet he has been subjected to extreme ad hominem attacks... 'crank', 'Nobel-disease' etc...
http://vixra.org/pdf/1101.0009v1.pdf
About Robitaille:
"...As director of magnetic resonance imaging research for the Department of Medicine of Ohio State University from 1989-2000 he made major advances in the science of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), leading the project to build the 8 Tesla Ultra High Field human MRI scanner..."
"...In 2000, he was asked to step down from his position as director (though he remains a professor) when he began to promote theories that were outside his actual realm of expertise, specifically related to non-mainstream beliefs in the areas of astronomy and physics: he maintains that satellite measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation, believed by most astronomers to be an afterglow of the Big Bang, are actually observations of a glow from Earth's oceans...."
The reviewer has the arrogance to call him a 'crank'.... it's shameful to attack this guy for his reasonable and well argued alternate views...
https://www.uow.edu.au/~bmartin/pubs/04jse.html
Is there a natural alternative source for a 3 khz 'noise' that could be picked up by a radio interferometer in a satellite moving through Earth's magnetosphere?
Why yes!
more than one...
From Voyagers 1 and 2:
"A radio source in the outer heliosphere has been detected by the plasma wave receivers on Voyagers 1 and 2.
The radio emission is observed in the frequency range 2-3 kHz, and is above the local solar wind electron plasma frequency.... Possible sources include continuum radiation from Jupiter's distant magnetotail and radiation at the second harmonic of the plasma frequency at the heliopause."
"...The primary waves observed include occasional electron plasma oscillations and ion-acoustic waves..."
http://www-pw.physics.uiowa.edu/~dag/pu ... NATURE.pdf
"Sources in the Super Low and Extra Low Frequency bands (SLF and ELF) are mainly accidental or natural. For instance, electricity authorities have very long antennae, called power lines, that radiate at 50 or 60 Hz. This signal is picked up as 'hum' and is cursed by electrical engineers everywhere. A large natural source is the interaction of the solar wind with the ionosphere that produces low frequency currents (telluric currents) in the earth and oceans.....
http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu. ... ctrum.html
"...At high latitudes, the motion of charged particles also creates a
distinct radio signal, termed the polar chorus, with a characteristic frequency of
300 Hz to 2 kHz [Barr et al. 2000].
Polar chorus is associated with the solar wind, and the peak intensity is around 50 μ V m -1 as recorded from stations on the ground in Antarctica. It typically exhibits a diurnal variation [Salvati et al. 2000]. Telluric currents (and specifically GIC) were first documented in the 1840s with the invention of the telegraph. Buried telegraph lines are electrical conductors, and susceptible to electrical induction. Geomagnetically-induced currents caused interference during telegraph transmission, so that the telegraph needles hung frozen by the signals of the GIC. At first this phenomenon was attributed to
weather causes, but it was soon recognized that the hung needles coincided with the occurrence of aurora borealis and magnetic storms [Walker 1861]."
"... In the oceans, different layers of water will be stratified by temperature and salinity, and each influences density. Both of these gradients influence electrical conductivity, and create variations in electric currents in the oceans [Chave and Luther 1990].
The signals are low-frequency (30 kHz to 300 kHz)
or lower, typically..."
https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio ... ithosphere
I wonder how the space craft which are moving through the earth's magnetosphere..., and making the CMB observations, could be immune from the interaction of the solar wind with the earth's magnetosphere, possibly directly causing radio noise, which in turn induces low frequency geomagnetically induced currents which are related to multiple electrical effects on and under the surface of the earth.. including charged telluric currents in the oceans... can simple shielding be enough to cut out all interference and false signals?
How much can radio equipment be shielded from 'noise', presumably the measuring of CMB is done in very cold conditions, but according to Robitaille, this absolute shielding from stray thermal currents is practically impossible...
"The Noise Temperature, measured in degrees Kelvin, is a convenient measure for quantifying the effect of the noise and it allows the total effect of all the contributors to the noise to be calculated simply by adding together the individual temperatures of each contributor. It is the thermal equivalent of the noise source or sources and not necessarily an actual temperature. The
thermal noise generated within the receiving equipment is the biggest factor and receiver is often cooled to a very low temperature, close to absolute zero, to minimise this noise."
"The Signal to Noise Ratio, (specified in dB), at any point in a communications link is the ratio between the signal level at that point and the level of the level of the background noise. Note that when the signal level is below the noise level the ratio will be negative."
"Noise Figure and Sensitivity: The Sensitivity of a radio receiver is the minimum detectable input signal level necessary to obtain a given output signal to noise ratio. In satellite systems, the measure of receiver's capability to handle low level signals is not usually specified as a signal level, but rather as a noise figure (specified in dB) which is the amount of noise added to the signal by the receiving antenna and the receiver electronics. The receiver sensitivity, can also be specified as a Figure of Merit which is the ratio of its gain to noise temperature or G/T where G is the gain and T is the noise temperature."
"Other Noise Sources include interference from other external electrical signals or discharges, crosstalk which is interference from adjacent parts of the communications system and intermodulation noise due to non-linearities in the system's signal processing which cause two or more frequencies in the signal to create other frequencies which did not exist in the original signal."
http://www.mpoweruk.com/satellites.htm
"The Van Allen Probes EMFISIS Waves instruments detect electric and magnetic components of plasma waves
and radio waves that range through frequencies that include those audible to humans."
Shows heaps of radio waves at 2-3kHz...
http://www-pw.physics.uiowa.edu/rbsp/audio/
George Smoot in his book 'Wrinkles in Time' goes into the extreme maths needed to 'filter' out background noise...
"Then towards the end of 1990 and into the following year, the CMB began to
swim into view in Smoot's data."
First the team saw it as
uniform,
then they could make out the previously identified
dipole.
Next they saw
departures in temperature from the average background in the four poles of the sky – the first evidence of structure in the early universe.
Then
finally they saw the
many temperature fluctuations: the primordial seeds.
The pattern they made looked like a painting to Smoot. "We thought they would be like random grains of sand messing up a beautiful artwork," he says. "Now we realised they were part of it. There were large, middle and small-scale effects playing together to make really interesting textures on the sky."
Months of meticulous checks and
data analysis followed.
Meanwhile other physicists grew restless as they awaited news of the big bang theory's fate.
Then,
18 years after he started work on the CMB satellite, Smoot made the historic announcement.
The big bang model was safe: it could explain how the universe grew into what we see today. The CMB's cooler, denser regions would turn into galaxies, stars and planets.
https://www.theguardian.com/science/201 ... ang-cosmos
So the picture of three different maps of the CMB are
all different, they evolved...
"Planck, launched in 2009, images the sky with more than 2.5 times greater resolution than WMAP, revealing patterns in the ancient cosmic light as small as one-twelfth of a degree on the sky. Planck has created the sharpest all-sky map ever made of the universe's cosmic microwave background, precisely fine-tuning what we know about the universe."
Now the data obtained are so accurate that no-one can argue with it..
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_Ba ... d_Explorer
- 300px-Cmbr.svg.png (9.81 KiB) Viewed 14027 times
""Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectrum plotted in waves per centimeter vs. intensity. The solid curve shows the expected intensity from a single temperature blackbody spectrum, as predicted by the hot Big Bang theory.
A blackbody is a hypothetical body that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation falling on it and
reflects none whatsoever. The FIRAS data were taken at 34 positions equally spaced along this curve. The FIRAS data match the curve
so exactly, with error uncertainties less than the width of the blackbody curve, that it is
impossible to distinguish the data from the theoretical curve...."
Suspiciously accurate....
