Stellar Nucleosynthesis for an Electric Star

[Sparky]

http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v104/i2/p292_1

Plasmoids can also be made to smash each other into fragments. There is some scant evidence to support the hypothesis that they undergo fission and possess spin.

[dougettinger]

Thanks to the forum for sharing your ideas about stellar nucleosynthesis. I am surprised to be treated with one of NASA's new presentations about supernovae. You guys are apparently open to other ideas coming from outside the EU, although a sense some hidden criticism and sarcasm. Perhaps you can share that criticism with me.

Those ideas for the "inside-out" star were actually taken from my EttingerJournals.com; " Supernova Seeding Hypothesis" posted in 2004. What the presentation does not explain is that a supermassive star such as Cas A expels outer layers at different times. The final explosion expels mostly iron, sulfur, and nickel at the "bottom of the iron valley" that forms highly magnetic rotating orbs that then quickly pass through the other layers of ejected materials. The magnetic fields of these spinning orbs gather the other electrified plasmas to eventually form new bodies of all sizes from planets to dwarf stars like our Sun. The formation of star systems with their planets having mostly iron cores is explained in another journal. This formation of consistent alignments which you are witness to in our solar system can only be accomplished by electromagnetic processes. When the electromagnetic fields decay only then does gravity (also an electrical phenomena) begin to dominate. Yes, you are absolutely correct; scientists must consider ALL the physical laws.

NASA has also stolen my idea about how Earth became tilted and probably is starting to take my new Earth-Moon-system model more seriously.

What is happening inside the Sun? I am still waiting eagerly for your answers or speculations. Remember there is no tenure to protect. I certainly have my own hypothesis or speculation. Nuclear fusion occurs near the surface where the correct pressure and temperature intersect for each sequence of the two most dominant elements being fused during a certain stage in the life of the star. A star the size of the Sun will mostly only fuse H and He during its life. Perhaps z-pinched plasma can create some heavier elements. Matter below this fusion reaction layer is held in suspense due to the constant electrical nature of atoms preserving a minimum volume regardless of hydrostatic pressure. The EU could possibly accept this concept.

Keep the electrons flowing,

Douglas Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[dougettinger]

Hello Sparky,

http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v104/i2/p292_1

Plasmoids can also be made to smash each other into fragments. There is some scant evidence to support the hypothesis that they undergo fission and possess spin.

Your referenced paper is absolutely spectacular !! Thank you, Sparky. And, it was available in 1956. Unbelievable.

In my "Supernova Seeding (SNS) Hypothesis", a super-magnetic spinning orb of iron passes through electrified plasmas of C, O, Ne, N, He, and H in a certain sequence and gathers these materials via a Faraday-dynamo process that creates a proto-body disk to become a star or planet depending on the size of the orb and the size of plasma cloud it passes through. This process appears extremely similar to the ionized matter projected across a magnetic field in the laboratory.

In the case of the SNS hypothesis the magnetic field is caused by the spinning iron orb which travels through the plasma or ionized matter. The ionized matter begins to spiral inward toward the orb in the opposite direction of the orb's spin vector. Of course, this process creates a plasma cylinder elongated in the direction of the moving magnetic orb. The transverse electric field is the matter of both positive ions and electrons moving inward toward the orb to create a proto-disk appearance. The electrical-magnetic field interaction helps to prevent the forming star or planet from spinning out of control. Any clumping of incoming matter is controlled by HH objects being ejected from the poles of the proto-star.

We are friends forever, Sparky. I am incredibly excited. You supplied verification for my SNS hypothesis in the laboratory.

Keep the electrons flowing,
Douglas Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[Sparky]

You may have just moved this thread to the NIMI forum....

You may wish to collaborate here: http://qdl.scs-inc.us/?top=6031

[dougettinger]

Hello Sparky,

You may have just moved this thread to the NIMI forum....

You may wish to collaborate here: http://qdl.scs-inc.us/?top=6031

Most of my questions about stellar nucleosynthesis are answered by Ari Brynjolfsson: "Nucleosynthesis in plasma-redshift cosmology"

Am I correct in assuming that the consensus of this forum is that no absolute beginning of any kind including the Big Bang concept for the universe is needed or desired. Time zero is wherever one desires to start such as the birth of the Milky Way or birth of the solar system. Time for the entire universe is a continuum with no start or end.

Thanks for providing Charles Chandler's thread. Very interesting.

Doug Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[Sparky]

no absolute beginning of any kind including the Big Bang

That hypothesis was falsified by redshift and other anomalies. As I understand it, EU attempts to maintain a science foundation, so anything that does not have some evidence is considered beyond their scope. In the forums you will find speculations that do not have strong evidence, but that is not the EU position.

Charles Chandler raises some interesting questions and suggests some alternative mechanical processes. I like his gravity generated electric star model.

The latest idea that I now have is there is no entropy beyond the very local.
Need to find a way for energy to return to the zero point.
Reviewing the magnetic field lines question.
Questioning everything.

[Michael Mozina]

I am becoming more and more familiar with the concepts of the Electric Universe - many of which I can readily adopt.

How does the Electric Star such as our Sun or a larger star create the elements of the periodic table? What is happening within the interior of the Sun, if it is so much cooler than the photosphere and corona? What pressure and temperature gradients do the Electric Star enthusiasts anticipate for the Sun's interior? I expect that the entire cross-section is composed of highly conductive and magnetic plasma. How deep is hydrogen fusion taking place?

Regards,
Doug Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

I'd say it depends on *which* "electric sun" theory we're discussing. Alfven's electric sun theories were pretty much the same as the standard theory in terms of basic solar energy production and fusion. Birkeland assumed his cathode sun had it's own internal power source, and talked about each sun being powered by a "transmutation of elements". Pretty much every electric sun theory allows for fusion to occur inside plasma pinches that the mainstream calls "magnetic ropes".

http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+mozina/0/1/0/all/0/1

The second paper on that list describes the fusion processes from such pinched plasma events. Theoretically speaking such fusion events could be taking place throughout the interior of the sun.

[dougettinger]

Hello Michael,
Thank you for sharing your archived articles. You have been cooking stars for quite some time.

It seems to me that most theories of star operation involve fusion whether on the surface or at lower outer layers of the star. The z-pinch process could certainly provide the higher pressures and temperatures to fuse the heavier elements beyond iron. So the question is what is within the deep interior of the star. The simple answer is hydrogen and helium that is held in place by gravity and the envelop of fusing layer(s) somewhere below the photosphere and the convective zones of plasma. The electric star (EU) concepts are trying to address mysteries about magnetic reversals, sunspot migration, solar flares, the presence of higher metals,and cool sunspot umbras which need better resolution.

The standard model ideas of the composition of a star like our Sun should not be abandoned. The standard ideas about different types of supernovae should not be abandoned. You show an interesting diagram of a supermassive star going supernova and forming planets around the smaller progenitor star like our Sun. The diagram is part you "Fusion, Gravitational Collapse and Dissociation" (Nov 2005). Your process makes more sense than proto-star Saturn spitting out planets at its poles which then are captured by the Sun. However, I seriously question how physics can explain the formation of the planets all having similar spin and orbital vectors within 40 AU of a SN of a 40 to 150 solar-mass star that produces prodigious amounts of iron. Most SN remnants are light years in diameter.

I still like your ideas. Perhaps you can explain your idea of how pulsars occur at the center of SN remnants.

Always a student eager of gulp all kinds of ideas,
Douglas Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[Sparky]

If we accept that all flaring , Super Nova being a really big flare, then the double layer explosion can produce any size and explain the pulsar. A simple electrical circuit can produce a pulse of any frequency.

The sun, a variable star, is not varying because the fusion reaction at it's center is doing so. It varies because of the power circuit it is connected to varies the energy supplied.

[dougettinger]

Hello Sparky,
Now I know why you are called Sparky. You know how to make really large Sparks.

If we accept that all flaring , Super Nova being a really big flare, then the double layer explosion can produce any size and explain the pulsar. A simple electrical circuit can produce a pulse of any frequency.

The sun, a variable star, is not varying because the fusion reaction at it's center is doing so. It varies because of the power circuit it is connected to varies the energy supplied.

Do the encircling layers create a huge magnetic field that pushes particles outward from the poles at high frequencies? What particular lab experiment illustrates this phenomena?

The double layer explosion can produce any size explosion, but what is the variable that controls the size?
Can you describe a diagram that depicts the circuit that produces a high frequency pulse on a SN progenitor star.

Why is the Sun a variable star? Never heard this before. I presume the Sun's power circuit comes from the center of the galaxy? As more helium is produced in the fusing layer, for this size star, the column of helium cannot fuse the next heavier elements and implosions create helium flashes - hopefully occurring much more into the future.

Always a student,
Douglas Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[Sparky]

Hello Sparky,
Now I know why you are called Sparky. You know how to make really large Sparks.

If we accept that all flaring , Super Nova being a really big flare, then the double layer explosion can produce any size and explain the pulsar. A simple electrical circuit can produce a pulse of any frequency.

The sun, a variable star, is not varying because the fusion reaction at it's center is doing so. It varies because of the power circuit it is connected to varies the energy supplied.

Do the encircling layers create a huge magnetic field that pushes particles outward from the poles at high frequencies? What particular lab experiment illustrates this phenomena?

Can not answer... Maybe someone else can...

The double layer explosion can produce any size explosion, but what is the variable that controls the size?

The amount of magnetic energy contained in the circuit...

Can you describe a diagram that depicts the circuit that produces a high frequency pulse on a SN progenitor star.

A simple resistive, capacitive, induction circuit. The amount of each will determine the frequency.

Why is the Sun a variable star? Never heard this before. I presume the Sun's power circuit comes from the center of the galaxy? As more helium is produced in the fusing layer, for this size star, the column of helium cannot fuse the next heavier elements and implosions create helium flashes - hopefully occurring much more into the future.

The sun being a variable star.. http://simostronomy.blogspot.com/2010/0 ... r-sun.html

Powered from the arms of the galaxy....

[dougettinger]

Hello Sparky,

I asked if you can describe a diagram that depicts the circuit that produces a high frequency pulse on a SN progenitor star.

Your answer was a simple resistive, capacitive, inductive circuit. The size of each device will determine the frequency.

I am trying to visualize this circuit. Let's assume the matter in the equatorial regions of a supermassive star implodes producing a Type II supernova. The implosion exerts tremendous pressure and temperature toward the center of mostly hydrogen material that remained at the core of the exploded star. Kinetic energy is imparted on the core to create a higher spin rate due to the imbalance of inward radial forces. The spinning plasma creates a strong magnetic circuit that induces current along the spin axis and reacts the centripetal forces wanting to pull it apart. The slower spinning, cooler material at the poles resists the current flow of the inductive ring of material at the equatorial regions and produces a large capacitance between the poles. The polar material act like capacitor plates that discharge charged particles and photons at a high frequency rate which is observed on Earth as being a pulsar.

Can this visual representation create the electrical circuit you are describing?
I really want to move away from the neutron star concept. But I need help.

Keep the electrons flowing,
Doug Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[Sparky]

Doug, you are making assumptions, and thinking in terms too precise.
We are off on a tangent.... I can't visualize plasma interactions..

As far as I know, stars do not implode, unless you call a double layer explosion in or on a star a star imploding ..The matter released by the DB explosion moves away and becomes current, because of its ionization. We see this as large balls of debris in
radio, xray, gamma ray, and infrared frequencies.

How a pulsar operates I can not say. If it is a plasmoid, then I can speculate that the current driving it is variable at a certain frequency, and any matter ejected would be at that frequency and visible. How it is ejected and how focused it is I don't know.
Try this: https://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2005 ... asmoid.htm

The neutron star is fantasy. It was invented to explain the high rotation speed of pulsars.
https://www.thunderbolts.info/webnews/neutron_stars.htm
http://www.thunderbolts.info/tpod/2010/ ... minate.htm

[dougettinger]

Hello Sparky and other viewers,

You say, "I can't visualize plasma interactions". Talbott and Thornhill would disagree. I don't won't to know the interactions within the plasma processes; I only want to understand the overall circuit.

The familiar Faraday disk or dynamo has both electrical and magnetic circuits. Its components are the A) magnetized matter or disk creating magnetic field lines perpendicular to its movement, B) the core or rod that the disk spins around, C) the wire that connects to rod to the edge of the disk, and D) the electrical power supply if acting like a motor or the kinetic energy if acting like a generator.

Now let's visualize the following using these simple components without the help of mathematics:

1. For a galaxy - A is the plane of the dusty plasma disk; B is the galaxy center or the conductive rod; C, the wire, are the mostly unseen Birkeland currents connecting the ends of the rod to the edges of the dusty plasma disk in a torus fashion; D, the power supply, is the large spinning plasmoid at the center and the individual stars that are pushing current through the disk. The stars' disk of the Milky Way are very roughly perpendicular to the Milky Way disk.

2. For a star - A is the average plane of the planets where the maximum amount of solar wind moves outward; B is the spinning plasmoid of the star; C are the Birkeland currents connecting the polar regions of the star to the edges of the heliosphere intersected by the star's own disk; D is the electromagnetic power supplied by the fusion of matter and organized magnetically.

3. For a pulsar - A is the plane of a spinning toroid representing the hydrogen and helium matter remaining after a gigantic plasma discharge (supernova - Type II); B is the core or spinning axis of the hot plasma rotating slowly compared to the outer toroid; C are the currents generated in the core by the spinning magnetic field that are trapped or held at the magnetic poles of the spinning toroid; D is the power source derived from kinetic and compression forces of the supernova implosion which will eventually decay over time. The ions build-up at one pole and the electrons build-up at the other pole. The current in the core can no longer resist the attraction of the two poles; the poles exchange polarity rapidly while discharging high energy at high frequencies from one or both poles. This is my representation of the electrical circuit of a pulsar that is similar to the other listed circuits.

I hoped you enjoyed my pictorial representation of cosmic circuitry gained from the insight of my friend, Faraday.

Keep the electrons flowing,
Doug Ettinger
Pittsburgh, PA

[Sparky]

Your speculations as to mechanisms for cosmos do not jibe with what I have read, but may very well be correct.