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MGmirkin,

It makes sense that there is a sine or cosine effect to the solar cycle if there is an alternating current source feeding into the Sun. This would also give an idea to the reversal of the magnetic fields and sun spots (if I understand you correctly). But as to why there is an alternating current beats me (I assume that the current in the Sun would be mainly DC). There could be a direct current or pulsed direct current flowing into the Sun that sets off a secondary current which alternates like a sine function.

To convert DC to AC is not easy; it is far easier to go from AC to DC. To do such a DC/AC conversion in terms of the Sun would be even more difficult. But to do so in a circuit you need BJT transistors, diodes, capacitors, and a transformer. Perhaps some kind of chemical process is doing the same inside the Sun. Of course I have not done much studying on the Sun to even make such an assumption.

You said,
The sunspots' polarity flips at solar minima and are dependent on the secondary currents induced by the increase / decrease / stability of the primary current. When the input current reaches a local maxima or minima, the slope of the cos(x) curve is 0. At that point, no secondary current flows. That's probably what leads to the lack of sunspots during that period and the subsequent polarity flip as the new "cycle" (half-cycle) begins.

That is definitely an interesting explanation and could be fairly accurate.