Dark Matter Alternative Using Electromagnetic String Theory

[genogeno1]

I found this article which discusses a simple string theory model of electromagnetic phenomenon to describe velocity profiles of stars within galaxies as an alternative to dark matter. The paper also discusses the EM effect on perihelion precession. Not quite EU, but very interesting that the mainstream publications are actually considering this.

http://arxiv.org/pdf/1108.5459

[Bengt Nyman]

Excellent and exciting:
"i.e. all matter is charged, rather than neutral. Therefore if all matter is indeed made up
of fundamental strings and hence couples universally to the tensor gauge eld, H, each star
in a galaxy will then execute the circular motion in concentric landau orbits on the galactic
plane."
The above reference agrees with my perception that strings form all matter. The findings also provide a robust platform to claim that charged matter, excitable into dipoles, may indeed be the cause of gravity, strong force and more.
I lend my support to the above findings though much work remains on my part to understand it in full.
Thank You very much!

[Bengt Nyman]

Electromagnetic Strings
The universe is estimated to be 13.75*10^9 years old.
A star in this universe has consequently been emitting light for a maximum of 13.75*10^9 years, reaching out a maximum of 13.75*10^9 light years.
The universe is estimated to have a diameter of 46*10^9 light years.
The light from the oldest star has consequently only penetrated 13.75/46 = 30% of the diameter of the universe. Therefore, no matter where we are in the universe only (13.75/23)^3 = 21.4% of the stars in the universe can be seen from earth. The light from the rest of them has not reached us yet.

The total mass of the universe is estimated to 3.35*10^54 kg.
The total mass of atoms and bodies in the universe is estimated to 1.53*10^53 kg.
The rest is assumed to be dark energy and dark matter of some kind.

Our sun converts 1.577*10^17 kg of mass into radiated energy each year.
During the life of the universe our sun has converted 2.17*10^27 kg into radiated energy.
It is estimated that there are 3*10^24 stars in the universe.

Let us calculate how many stars there would have to be in the universe to explain all of the observed dark energy and dark matter as photons, photon remnants and radiated energy emanating from the stars.
Assume that there are X times more stars in the universe than what we have presently estimated. That would mean that there is also X times more atoms and X times more free radiation than previously estimated.
Real atomic mass would then be = X*1.53*10^53 kg.
Free radiation energy would then be = X*3*10^24*2.17*10^27 = X*6.51*10^51 kg.
If the total mass of the universe remains 3.35*10^54 kg, the proliferation of the number of stars would have to be:
0.153X*10^54 + 0.00651X*10^54 = 3.35*10^54
0.15951X = 3.35
X = 21

IF the universe consists of 21 times more stars than presently estimated, ALL unexplained dark energy and dark matter would be photons, photon remnants and free energy strings resulting from energy radiated from the stars.

OR, if the universe is 21 times older than presently estimated, but has no more stars than presently estimated, ALL unexplained dark energy and dark matter would be photons, photon remnants and free energy strings resulting from energy radiated from the stars.

OR if the universe is 4.58 times older and consists of 4.58 times more stars than presently estimated (4.58*4.58=21), ALL unexplained dark energy and dark matter would be photons, photon remnants and free energy strings resulting from energy radiated from the stars.

The number 5 or 1/5 becomes an interesting number. According to today’s estimates we can only see 1/5 of the stars in the universe. Light from the rest hasn’t reached us yet. Assume that the universe is 5 times older than we realize, and holds 5 times more stars than we believe, dark energy and dark matter is no longer a mystery, it is simply photons on their way.

[webolife]

To make sure I understand your number crunching Bengt, these estimates all assume the age and size veracity of the current standard big bang model, n'est-ce pas? Since it is impossible by any model to detect light "on its way" this would also account for why dark energy is undetectable? Or are you trying to suggest that so-called dark energy is just not YET detectable? If it does become detectable over time as you infer, what does it look like, so that we could confirm it? Or am I missing your point?

[Bengt Nyman]

1. To make sure I understand your number crunching Bengt, these estimates all assume the age and size veracity of the current standard big bang model?
2. Since it is impossible by any model to detect light "on its way" this would also account for why dark energy is undetectable?
3. Or are you trying to suggest that so-called dark energy is just not YET detectable? If it does become detectable over time as you infer, what does it look like, so that we could confirm it?

1. Yes, I am using standard model data.
2. I am suggesting that we need to more carefully account for "photons on their way", thinking that they are a big part of the dark energy/matter that we perceive mathematically but can not detect or categorize instrumentally.
3. I am suggesting that there might be little of no mysterious or dark energy/matter left to account for once we completely account for photons on their way, photon remnants and electromagnetic strings in the universe.

[Bengt Nyman]

Assume for a moment that dark energy/matter perceived mathematically but not yet observed are photons on their way. By observing a small and well defined angular portion of space and accurately quantifying the total amount of electromagnetic radiation energy received from within said spacial cone we might be able to detect an increasing amount of energy received from one year to the next. The increase would be due to the leading edges of new photon streams arriving at our observation point. The detection of specific "new" stars should also be possible for the same reason. Simultaneously a delayed loss of closer but expiring sources of radiation should be expected.
By using the very simple calculations above it appears that if the atomic mass of the universe is five times larger than presently observed, and the electromagnetic mass in form of photons on their way is five times that presently observed, all dark energy and dark matter perceived can be accounted for by photon streams on their way but not here yet.