GaryN wrote:
Excellent post Anaconda. I wonder though if we might be able to do away with the heat and pressure model totally? What if, when the earth is under the increased stress of what EUers believe are periodic 'storms', that the oil isn't created rapidly and profusely, with slower but steady production in calmer periods?
GaryN wrote:
I wonder though if we might be able to do away with the heat and pressure model totally?
Kudryavtsev's Rule states that any region in which hydrocarbons are found at one level will also have hydrocarbons in large or small quantities at all levels down to and into the basement rock...He gave many examples of substantial and sometimes commercial quantities of petroleum being found in crystalline or metamorphic basements, or in sediments directly overlying those. He cited cases in Kansas, California, western Venezuela and Morocco. He also pointed out that oil pools in sedimentary strata are often related to fractures in the basement directly below. This is evidenced by the Ghawar supergiant oil field (Saudi Arabia); the Panhandle Field in Kansas (United States), which also produces helium; the Tengiz Field (Kazakhstan); the White Tiger Field (Vietnam); and innumerable others.
GaryN wrote:
What if, when the earth is under the increased stress of what EUers believe are periodic 'storms', that the oil isn't created rapidly and profusely, with slower but steady production in calmer periods?
The Athabasca Oil Sands (also known colloquially as the Athabasca Tar Sands although there is no actual tar) are large deposits of bitumen, or extremely heavy crude oil, located in northeastern Alberta, Canada - roughly centered around the boomtown of Fort McMurray. These oil sands, hosted in the McMurray Formation, consist of a mixture of crude bitumen (a semi-solid form of crude oil), silica sand, clay minerals, and water. The Athabasca deposit is the largest reservoir of crude bitumen in the world and the largest of three major oil sands deposits in Alberta, along with the nearby Peace River and Cold Lake deposits. Together, these oil sand deposits lie under 141,000 square kilometres (54,000 sq mi) of sparsely populated boreal forest and muskeg (peat bogs) and contain about 1.7 trillion barrels (270×10^9 m3) of bitumen in-place, comparable in magnitude to the world's total proven reserves of conventional petroleum
He [Kudryavtsev] noted as mentioned above that the enormous quantities of hydrocarbons in the Athabasca tar sands in Canada would have required vast amounts of source rocks for their generation in the conventional discussion, when in fact no source rocks have been found.
However, the oil and tar sand deposits are astounding giants in comparison. The Orinoco heavy oil belt in Venezuela and the Canadian oil sands of the Athabascan deposits both contain estimates of over 1000 billion barrels of oil each. These are deposits of heavy oil completely intermixed with sands over thousands of square miles. There is no way that this extremely vast amount of heavy viscous--flowing only when heated--hydrocarbon material could have formed, "migrated", and become completely intermixed, into the present sand beds from any "fossil" deposit.
Anaconda wrote:No abiotic oil researcher that I came upon during my researches made an explicit connection between electromagnetism and abiotic hydrocarbon formation....
It was only after coming into contact with Plasma Cosmology and Electric Universe theory that seemingly enigmatic anomalies began to make sense as it become apparent there was an association between electromagnetism and abiotic hydrocarbon formation in the Earth's crust and shallow mantel....
Besides catalyst minerals, heat, and pressure, it seems electromagnetism acts as a catalyst and energy source for the chemical bonding of hydrocarbon molecules....
Electromagnetism seems to be a key ingredient to understanding the geophysics of hydrocarbon formation and transport within the crust of the Earth and the overall geophysics of Earth.
"So is there a connection between the original causal electrical activity and the phase changes in minerals and metals to travel and act as superconducters in these regions."
Chevron Corp. said Friday it has made a "significant" oil discovery in Angola's offshore waters, underscoring the West African nation's growing significance to Chevron and the country's rising stature as an energy producer as neighboring Nigeria copes with militant attacks.
A Chevron spokesman declined to estimate how much oil and natural gas the discovery might hold, but it comes as the San Ramon, Calif.-based company is set to start pumping crude in coming days from a separate, $3.8 billion project also in Angola's offshore waters.
The recent find, based on a single discovery well, still needs further drilling to be confirmed, Chevron said. Oil discoveries pegged as "significant" by major oil companies such as Chevron often imply crude and gas resources of at least 500 million barrels.
Chevron's latest find marks the latest in a flurry of discoveries off Angola in the past few years that have made it Africa's biggest oil producer, with output of around 1.85 million barrels a day in July.
Dozens of fruitful wells beneath the rich Bakken shale in North Dakota continue to fuel a hunch among oilmen and geologists that another vast crude-bearing formation may be buried in the state's vast oil patch.
Lynn Helms, director of the state Department of Mineral Resources, said recent production results from 103 newly tapped wells in the Three Forks-Sanish formation show many that are "as good or better" than some in the Bakken, which lies two miles under the surface in western North Dakota and holds billions of barrels of oil...The Three Forks-Sanish formation is made up of sand and porous rock directly below the Bakken shale. But geologists don't know whether the Three Forks-Sanish is a separate oil-producing formation or if it catches oil that flows from the Bakken shale above.
ZUG, SWITZERLAND—Transocean Ltd. (NYSE: RIG) today announced that its ultra-deepwater semisubmersible rig Deepwater Horizon recently drilled the deepest oil and gas well ever while working for BP and its co-owners on the Tiber well in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Working with BP, the Transocean crews on the Deepwater Horizon drilled the well to 35,050 vertical depth and 35,055 feet measured depth (MD), or more than six miles, while operating in 4,130 feet of water.
Transocean also holds the current world water-depth record of operating in 10,011 feet of water set while working for Chevron in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico.
The Deepwater Horizon, placed into service in 2001, is a dynamically positioned ultra-deepwater semisubmersible rig capable of working in water depths of up to 10,000 feet.
"According to Guilherme Estrella, Petrobras E&P director, the lake that formed during the beginning of the separation of the continents some 120 million years ago allowed the deposition of source rocks (Lagoa Feia formation) that originated the reserves now starting to be produced in the southern Atlantic Ocean."
"As a result of research about the formation of the South American and African continents by Petrobras geologists, more than $1.5 billion was invested by Petrobras in the past couple of years to drill 15 wells that reached the pre-salt formation with 100% success in finding oil."
"All marine fossils from 200 million years ago or earlier are found exclusively on continental locations -- just as expanding Earth theory predicts. That's because all large marine environments pre-Jurassic were epicontinental seas -- not oceans. Incredibly, if we deny expanding Earth theory, all the pre-Jurassic oceanic marine fossils must have vanished, along with all pre-Jurassic oceanic crust, as well as all of the fossils of all the trans-Pacific taxa that simply 'walked' from one location to the other. Hmmm. Even your mainstream fixist geologist counterparts of the first half of the twentieth century didn't have to accept that many miracles." -- Dennis D. McCarthy, geoscientist, October 2003
Anaconda wrote:The pre-salt layers are at least 16,000 feet below the current sea level, no geologist with a straight face will tell you that a lake would form 16,000 feet below the current sea-level.
Florian wrote:Anaconda wrote:The pre-salt layers are at least 16,000 feet below the current sea level, no geologist with a straight face will tell you that a lake would form 16,000 feet below the current sea-level.
Hi,
A lake would not form at such a depth, but the bottom of the lake can continuously subside. Some Rifting lakes like lake Baikal are deep (5400 ft) while others like lake Victoria are not so deep (280 ft), but the bottom can gradually subside to great depths, for example, down to 10,000 feet for the Rhine graben that is filled with sediments and which surface is not below sea level.
So that is not a so good argument.
"According to Guilherme Estrella, Petrobras E&P director, the lake that formed during the beginning of the separation of the continents some 120 million years ago allowed the deposition of source rocks (Lagoa Feia formation) that originated the reserves now starting to be produced in the southern Atlantic Ocean."
Comparison of two sea level reconstructions during the last 500 Ma. The scale of change during the last glacial/interglacial transition is indicated with a black bar. Note that over most of geologic history, long-term average sea level has been significantly higher than today.
Anaconda wrote:The Western Interior Seaway which was mentioned earlier, is also called the Cretaceous Seaway, forming a sea that rose and fell over the course of the Cretaceous Period. The sea at its deepest was roughly 2,700 feet deep, shallow as seas go, but gives the reader an idea of how much higher the sea level was in this period.
Anaconda wrote:The "fossil" theory of oil origin claims that organic detritus precipitates in shallow, and I might add, stagnant lakes, but here the evidence is that it would not be a lake but an emerging oceanic basin likely with strong currents.
Anaconda wrote:The scientific evidence suggests that the rifting of the continents apart from each other created the oceanic basins into which the sea water flowed, thus drawing off the water from the mid-continental seas.
This scientific evidence suggests there were no "shallow lakes" within the early emerging oceanic basins, on the contrary, the emerging basins were deep, with strong currents, physical environments that don't match Guilherme Estrella's description of shallow lakes.
Anaconda wrote:Florian, also, your observation seemingly propagates the notion that this layer of salt up to 16,000 feet below the sea bed several thousand kilometers thick was the result of evaporation as opposed to supercritial water theory.
Anaconda wrote:Frankly, if there was evaporation as your objection implies it would totally invalidate Expanding Earth theory, as the theory calls for much higher sea levels.
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