Gravity Test / Boyd Bushman

[lizzie]

Advances in the proposed electromagnetic zero-point field theory of inertia
http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/physics/9807023

A NASA-funded research effort has been underway at the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center in Palo Alto and at California State University in Long Beach to develop and test a recently published theory that Newton's equation of motion can be derived from Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics as applied to the zero-point field (ZPF) of the quantum vacuum. In this ZPF-inertia theory, mass is postulated to be not an intrinsic property of matter but rather a kind of electromagnetic drag force that proves to be acceleration dependent by virtue of the spectral characteristics of the ZPF. The theory proposes that interactions between the ZPF and matter take place at the level of quarks and electrons, hence would account for the mass of a composite neutral particle such as the neutron. An effort to generalize the exploratory study of Haisch, Rueda and Puthoff (1994) into a proper relativistic formulation has been successful. Moreover the principle of equivalence implies that in this view gravitation would also be electromagnetic in origin along the lines proposed by Sakharov (1968). With regard to exotic propulsion we can definitively rule out one speculatively hypothesized mechanism: matter possessing negative inertial mass, a concept originated by Bondi (1957) is shown to be logically impossible. On the other hand, the linked ZPF-inertia and ZPF-gravity concepts open the conceptual possibility of manipulation of inertia and gravitation, since both are postulated to be electromagnetic phenomena. It is hoped that this will someday translate into actual technological potential. A key question is whether the proposed ZPF-matter interactions generating the phenomenon of mass might involve one or more resonances. This is presently under investigation.

[lizzie]

More on the CMB theory.

Physics - A Unified View
http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/20 ... d_view.htm

Physicists have been striving for that elusive "theory of everything" for decades, without being able to reconcile diverging theories and different forces that we observe. My own interest in this has been that of a curious bystander, jotting my ideas down here and there and eventually collecting them in a webpage.

I do not keep up too well with that side of things, but a recent article in Infinite Energy magazine caught my eye. “The Cosmic Microwave Background and the Unification of Physics” is written by Eugene Sittampalam, an engineer by training.

The paper discusses the cosmic microwave background and introduces a new concept of the photon. The nature of matter and of gravity is discussed and a surprising interpretation of relativistic "time dilation" is proposed. Dark matter and black holes are irreverently removed and a description of the structure of a perfectly cyclical universe is proposed in the author's far reaching quest for clarity.

Submitted to one of the Physics magazines, it received what Eugene Mallove of Infinite Energy described as sneer review - rejection out of hand.

Why, you might ask, read a paper that has been rejected by one of the prestigious publications? Well - Sittampalam takes a bold step in the right direction. He questions the prevailing view in physics and he puts something eminently more sensible up for our consideration.

Unification of Physics – Eugene Sittampalam http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/UoP.Part1of2.pdf
http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/UoP.Part2of2.pdf

In a nutshell: The photon is the evaporated state of matter (mass-energy) and the atom, the condensed form; and all of fundamental physics – from the atomic to the cosmic – becomes classical mechanical in scope and high-school stuff in comprehension. (It is as envisioned by Prof. Stephen Hawking in the concluding lines of his famous book, A Brief History of Time: “However, if we do discover a complete theory, it should in time be understandable in broad principle by everyone, not just a few scientists…”)

In the overwhelming new light since the time of Einstein, we now have, for instance, an embarrassingly simple and classical mechanical explanation for the Michelson-Morley Experiment. What need have we any more for the abstract? Please, therefore, be good enough to read the entire script yourself first, since this is science history in the making! Also, should any of your learned reviewers rule negative, do kindly request of them just one down-to-earth reason for their decision, since philosophical arguments in the abstract will never find resolution in physics.

In particular, they may comment on section 5 of the paper, “The Vacuum Energy Field and the Contraction of Moving Bodies,” and the derivation therein of the Lorentz-FitzGerald Contraction Factor – now for the very first time from first principles. This section will prove pivotal to physics today since it takes us from the Einsteinian world of make believe and back into the Newtonian world of our everyday experience. (It is more likely that reviewers here will find solutions even to their own research problems as a radical reawakening takes place across the board when our old notion of gravity – that this most ubiquitous force in nature springs from within matter with some mystical pulling or space-warping power – gets corrected.)

To build that solid and irrevocable foundation for this singular and all-embracing theory for all time, I have, in section 2, drawn attention to, and elaborated on, the cosmic microwave background radiation. The flux, Eo, of this all-important isotropic energy directly relates to the minimum absolute pressure of the classical vacuum. If you will pardon my assertion here – the sooner we realize and accept this fundamental fact of the vacuum, the sooner will basic physics research be out of the woods. (Photons and neutrinos contribute to the absolute vacuum pressure, which is very much underestimated at present. This pressure is high within the halo of the galaxy; reaches a stupendous peak at the galactic center; and makes our present recourse to dark matter and black holes only a further embarrassment.)

The book that I authored is referenced in the paper as Sittampalam 1999. I shall rush to you, by courier, the number of copies that may be required in the review of the paper. (I could also send the copies directly to individual reviewers if I am given their postal addresses.)

Finally, the underlying and burning conviction for the work all along has been: The First Cause would not have had material or design constraints when it came to creating what we observe as our universe. One material entity alone would have sufficed, profusely tossed out with a spin. And, voilà! We have nature.

I await your kind response.

Simon Eugene Sittampalam
E-mail: sesittampalam@hotmail.com
Website: http://www.eugenesittampalam.com

Here are the two other links on gravity and radiation:

Gravitational Weight Reduction with ELF EM Radiation
http://jnaudin.free.fr/systemg/html/gravelf.htm

RADIANT PRESSURE MODEL OF REMOTE FORCES
http://home.netcom.com/~sbyers11/

[lizzie]

I posted this on another thread, but I should add it in here as well:

CAN GRAVITY be INDUCED?
http://www.goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/index.html

[lizzie]

Does anyone else find this to be a very interesting series of synchronicities? CMR, plasma, Puthoff ??

Junglelord's Ether

The ether is a universal medium, which fills all space. It appears to be "dynamic" relative to an earth moving thousands of miles per hour through space. The ether is normally electrically neutral, ultra-fine, and penetrates all solid matter. There is also an ultra high frequency, ubiquitous radiation, normally in equilibrium, called Zero Point Radiation ("ZPR"), which interpenetrates the ether, and represents electromagnetic radiation in its finest, densest form, which, in conjunction with the ether, conserves universal perpetual motion.

William Lyne's Ether

I refer to the “omni-directionally interpenetrating radiation” not as “zero point energy” (ZPE) but rather as “Zero Point Radiation” (ZPR). I also believe all space is saturated with ultra fine (normally) neutral matter (which also permeates all atomic matter). I refer to this as “Omni Matter.” This matter is activated by electromagnetic radiation, which is not in equilibrium, transmitting its forces through Omni Matter/space until it is absorbed by some ‘atomic’ matter or body. Likewise the ZPR is able to interpenetrate almost all mass because at such frequencies, its tiny wavelength passes between atoms without resonating with or reacting with them. There is an exception. According to Tesla, so-called “radioactive” elements reacting to the ZPR (are “…targets” continuously bombarded by “infinitesimal bullets projected from all parts of the universe”, without which “all radioactivity would cease”), which is the actual source of the radiation produced by them. Now there’s something to think about: What is the nature of the structure or status of ‘radioactive’ elements, which allows them to react energetically with the ZPR?

"Pentagon Aliens" - Pg 21

To Tesla, the ether was composed of “independent carriers,” that are “immersed in an insulating fluid”. While this ether behaves as a solid to “heat” and “light”, it behaves like a “fluid” to solid bodies which are allowed to pass through it.

Zero Point Radiation (ZPR) – high frequency electromagnetic radiation - dark energy or radiant energy (?)

Neutral Matter – Neutrinos (?)

Tubes of Force – “atomic” vortices; “carriers of EM forces

Gravity and Inertia via Radiation
http://home.netcom.com/~sbyers11/

All forces that act through a distance are attributed to cosmic radiation pressure and shadowing of these frequencies by matter. The shadowing causes a local unbalanced flow in the normally balanced radiation frequency flows of space. All matter exists as interference patterns in the Prime background radiation frequencies of space. A surface gravity and/or radiation pressure limit are shown to exist when the radiation flow is totally shielded by large planets. The cause for the inverse square laws of physics is shown to be a natural result of shadowing geometry with distance. Data and graphs are presented demonstrating the gravitational shadowing for our solar system planets.

Junglelord said:

Wilbert Smith's New Science Paradigm has the Tempic/Scalar Gradient Field as the first and Primary field. Longitudinal Radient Pressure is another way to describe it. Think of it as temperature (CMB), a pressure gradient. Very cool.

Weboflife said:

Y E S ! ! ! The two {CMR and ZPR} describe one and the same!!!!! Field Pressure Gradients!!!!!!

Lizzie said:

Field pressure gradients? Wow! That makes sense

Gravitational Weight Reduction with ELF EM Radiation
http://jnaudin.free.fr/systemg/html/gravelf.htm

A paper published by De Aquino entitled "Gravitation and Electromagnetism; Correlation and Grand Unification" relates inertial and gravitational mass as a function of absorbed radiation

Behavior of Electric Current Subjected to ELF Electromagnetic Radiation
http://jnaudin.free.fr/systemg/html/elfvscur.htm

Advances in the proposed electromagnetic zero-point field theory of inertia
http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/physics/9807023

In this ZPF-inertia theory, mass is postulated to be not an intrinsic property of matter but rather a kind of electromagnetic drag force that proves to be acceleration dependent by virtue of the spectral characteristics of the ZPF. The theory proposes that interactions between the ZPF and matter take place at the level of quarks and electrons, hence would account for the mass of a composite neutral particle such as the neutron. An effort to generalize the exploratory study of Haisch, Rueda and Puthoff (1994) into a proper relativistic formulation has been successful. Moreover the principle of equivalence implies that in this view gravitation would also be electromagnetic in origin along the lines proposed by Sakharov (1968). With regard to exotic propulsion we can definitively rule out one speculatively hypothesized mechanism: matter possessing negative inertial mass, a concept originated by Bondi (1957) is shown to be logically impossible. On the other hand, the linked ZPF-inertia and ZPF-gravity concepts open the conceptual possibility of manipulation of inertia and gravitation, since both are postulated to be electromagnetic phenomena. It is hoped that this will someday translate into actual technological potential. A key question is whether the proposed ZPF-matter interactions generating the phenomenon of mass might involve one or more resonances. This is presently under investigation.

Physics - A Unified View
http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/20 ... d_view.htm

I do not keep up too well with that side of things, but a recent article in Infinite Energy magazine caught my eye. “The Cosmic Microwave Background and the Unification of Physics” is written by Eugene Sittampalam, an engineer by training

The paper discusses the cosmic microwave background and introduces a new concept of the photon. The nature of matter and of gravity is discussed and a surprising interpretation of relativistic "time dilation" is proposed. Dark matter and black holes are irreverently removed and a description of the structure of a perfectly cyclical universe is proposed in the author's far reaching quest for clarity.

Unification of Physics – Eugene Sittampalam http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/UoP.Part1of2.pdf
http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/UoP.Part2of2.pdf

CAN GRAVITY be INDUCED?
http://www.goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/index.html

Gravity and Plasma Configurations
http://www.goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/presgrav2.html

Check out "Suggested Reading":

"Double Layers and Circuits in Astrophysics" by Hannes Alfven; IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vo. PS-14, No. 6, December 1986

"The Plasma Universe" by Anthony L. Peratt, Sky & Telescope Feb. 1992.

"The role of particle beams and electrical currents in the plasma universe" by Anthony L. Peratt; Laser and Particle beams (1988) vol. 6, part 3, pp. 471-491.

"Evolution of the Plasma Universe: I. Double Radio Galaxies, Quasars, and Extragalactic Jets." by Anthony L. Peratt, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. PS-14, No. 6, December 1986.

"Evolution of the Plasma Universe: II. The Formation of Systems of Galaxies." by A. L. Peratt IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. PS-14 No. 6, Dec. 1986.

H. E. Puthoff, "Ground State of Hydrogen as a Zero-Point-Fluctuation-Determined State," Phys. Rev. D 35, 3266 (1987).

H. E. Puthoff, "Zero-Point Fluctuations of the Vacuum as the Source of Atomic Stability and the Gravitational Interaction, "Proc. of the British Soc. for the Philosophy of Science Intern'l Conf. "

H. E. Puthoff, "Gravity as a Zero-Point-Fluctuation Force," Phys. Rev. A 39, 2333 (1989); Phys. Rev A 47, 3454 (1993).

H. E. Puthoff, "On the Source of Vacuum Electromagnetic Zero-Point Energy," Phys. Rev. A 40, 4857 (1989); Errata and Comments, Phys. Rev. A 44, 3382, 3385 (1991).

H. E. Puthoff, "Everything for Nothing," New Sci. 127, 52 (28 July 1990).

H. E. Puthoff, "The Energetic Vacuum: Implications for Energy Research," Spec. in Sci. and Technology 13, 247 (1990).

H. E. Puthoff, "Zero-Point Energy: An Introduction," Fusion Facts 3, No. 3, 1 (1991).

H. E. Puthoff, "On the Feasibility of Converting Vacuum Electromagnetic Energy to Useful Form," Intern'l Workshop on the Zeropoint Electromagnetic Field," Cuernavaca, Mexico, March 29 - April 2, 1993.

D. C. Cole and H. E. Puthoff, "Extracting Energy and Heat from the Vacuum," Phys. Rev. E 48,1562 (1993). See also Fusion Facts 5, No. 3, 1 (1993).

B. Haisch, A. Rueda, and H. E. Puthoff, "Inertia as a Zero-Point Field Lorentz Force," Phys. Rev. A 49, 678 (1994). See also Science 263, 612 (1994).

B. Haisch, A. Rueda, and H. E. Puthoff, "Beyond E = mc2," The Sciences (NY Acad. of Sciences) 34, 26 (Nov/Dec 1994).

H. E. Puthoff, "SETI, The Velocity-of-Light Limitation, and the Alcubierre Warp Drive: An Integrating Overview," Physics Essays 9, 156 (1996).

H. E. Puthoff, "Space Propulsion: Can Empty Space Itself Provide a Solution?" Ad Astra 9 (National Space Society), 42 (Jan/Feb 1997).

H. E. Puthoff, "Can the Vacuum be Engineered for Spaceflight Applications? Overview of Theory and Experiments," Proc. NASA Breakthrough Propulsion Physics Workshop, NASA Lewis Research Center, August 1997 (in press).

So if we want to understand gravity and anti-gravity propulsion, we must understand 1) plasma (no surprise there); 2) CMR, and 3) pay attention to articles written by Hal Puthoff (and other plasma physicists).

[lizzie]

Gravitational Weight Reduction with ELF EM Radiation
http://jnaudin.free.fr/systemg/html/gravelf.htm

After I read this, I wondered if one of the functions of HAARP was for anti-gravity propulsion. HAARP would provide the antenna. Likewise, chemtrails might have been formulated to make the ionosphere more conducive to anti-gravity propulsion.

http://forum.noblerealms.org/viewtopic.php?id=3992

It seems to me there might be a few ways to test the correlation between gravity and electrostatics.

1.) We know that gravitational lensing effects are observed from astronomical data. Could one replicate this effect in the lab using high voltage capacitors of a transparent dielectric substance? I'm curious if anybody has ever attempted an experiment like this? I would think a high potential would bend a polarized light beam, but maybe not.

2.) Is there a relationship between planetary ionosphere and mass? There must be data available in this regard to make some sort of a quantitative comparison. I would think that there should be a direct correlation between the overall number of atmospheric ions and planetary mass.

3.) Experiments measuring electric potential from an elevated surface to the ground. This is the same idea as Tesla's radiant energy system where he puts a periodically discharging capacitor between an elevated conductor and the ground to harness electrical energy.

[lizzie]

So, it's a plasma universe after all!

Tesla’s Radiant Energy
http://www.nuenergy.org/alt/tesla_energy.htm

"This new power for the driving of the world's machinery will be derived from the energy which operates the universe, the cosmic energy, whose central source for the earth is the sun and which is everywhere present in unlimited quantities." - Nikola Tesla

The Earth's Electrostatic Charge

Tesla's intent was to condense the energy trapped between the earth and its upper atmosphere and to transform it into an electric current. He pictured the sun as an immense ball of electricity, positively charged with a potential of some 200 billion volts. The earth, on the other hand, is charged with negative electricity. The tremendous electrical force between these two bodies constituted, at least in part, what he called cosmic energy. It varied from night to day and from season to season but it is always present.

The positive particles are stopped at the ionosphere and between it and the negative charges in the ground, a distance of 60 miles, there is a large difference of voltage - something on the order of 360,000 volts. With the gases of the atmosphere acting as an insulator between these two opposite stores of electrical charges * the region between the ground and the edge of space traps a great deal of energy. Despite the large size of the planet, it is electrically like a capacitor which keeps positive and negative charges apart by using the air as a non-conducting material as an insulator.

The earth has a charge of 96,500 coulombs. With a potential of 360,000 volts, the earth constitutes a capacitor of .25 farads (farads = coulombs/volts). If the formula for calculating the energy stored in a capacitor (E =1/2CV2) is applied to the earth, it turns out that the ambient medium contains 1.6 x 1011 joules or 4.5 megawatt-hours of electrical energy. In order to utilize this high-voltage energy you must do two things -- make an energy sink * and then devise a way of making the "sink" oscillate.

"Zero-Point Energy?"

Such a "sink" has to be at a lower energy state than the surrounding medium and, for the energy to continually flow into it, the energy must be continually pumped out of it. Additionally, this "sink" must maintain a lower energy state while meeting the power requirements of the load attached to it. Electrical energy, watt-seconds, is a product of volts x amps x seconds. Because the period of oscillation does not change, either voltage or current has to be the variable in this system's energy equation. Bifilar wound coils are used in the system because a bifilar wound coil maximizes the voltage difference between its turns, the current is then minimized.

A coil in our system, then, will be set into oscillation at its resonant frequency by an external power source. During the "zero-point" portion of its cycle the coil will appear as one plate of a capacitor. As the voltage across the coil increases, the amount of charge it can siphon will increase. The energy that is taken into the coil through the small energy window (zero-point), call it what you will, appears to be the key to the success of this system. It is at this zero-point where energy is condensed into positive and negative components of current. When energy escapes from the "sink" the magnetic field collapses and a strong magnetic quake is created in it's wake. A properly tuned system can capture and convert radiant energy in such a prescribed arrangement.

Energy Directly from the Atom

The radiant energy system is a self-oscillating capacitive system. Once it is set into oscillation, very little power is expended in keeping it going. Because it is an electrostatic oscillating system, only a small amount of charge moves through the system per cycle, that is, the coulomb per seconds = amps are low. If the charge is used at a low rate, the energy stored in the system will be turned into heat at a slow rate enabling the oscillations to continue for a long period of time.

Tesla's "COIL FOR ELECTRO MAGNETS," patent #512,340 is a very special coil design because, unlike an ordinary coil made by turning wire on a tube form, this one uses two wires laid next to each other on a form but with the end of the first one connected to the beginning of the second one. In this patent Tesla explains that the double coil will store many times the energy of a conventional coil. Measurements of two coils of the same size and with the same number of turns, one with a single, the other with a bifilar winding, show differences in voltage gain. These bifilar Tesla's coils can be explained solely on the basis of their electrical activity. A bifilar coil is capable of holding more charge than a single wound coil. When operated at resonance, the distributed capacitance of the bifilar coil is able to overcome the counter - electromotive force (e.m.f.) normal to coils, inductive reactance.

With the gases of the atmosphere acting as an insulator between these two opposite stores of electrical charges * - plasma double layers ?

Energy sink * - ZPE ?

Double layer (plasma)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_layer_(plasma)

A double layer is a structure in a plasma and consists of two parallel layers with opposite electrical charge. The sheets of charge cause a strong electric field and a correspondingly sharp change in voltage (electrical potential) across the double layer. Ions and electrons which enter the double layer are accelerated, decelerated, or reflected by the electric field. In general, double layers (which may be curved rather than flat) separate regions of plasma with quite different characteristics. Double layers are found in a wide variety of plasmas, from discharge tubes to space plasmas to the Birkeland currents supplying the Earth's aurora, and are especially common in current-carrying plasmas.

Other names for a double layer are electrostatic double layer, electric double layer, plasma double layers, electrostatic shock (a type of double layer which is oriented at an oblique angle to the magnetic field in such a way that the perpendicular electric field is much stronger than the parallel electric field), space charge layer.

Therefore gravity must be induced.

CAN GRAVITY be INDUCED?
http://www.goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/index.html

Non-space is an absolute vacuum which induces gravity. This causes the exterior mass/energy space to gravitationally implode upon non-space. Any given volume of non-space has a temperature of absolute zero and is without time.

I believe that a magnetic field can exist in non-space, because it is a manifestation of mass/energy, but is not mass/energy in itself. In the following chapter I shall discuss how Non-space can be brought about by high energy plasmas in magnetically unified configurations.

PLASMA

To understand how non-space is possible, it is important to consider the rudiments of plasma behavior.

It was not long ago that physics classified matter into only three states: Solid, Liquid, and Gas.

Gravity and Plasma Configurations
http://www.goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/presgrav2.html

[lizzie]

Tesla’s Radiant Energy
http://www.nuenergy.org/alt/tesla_energy.htm

Electrostatic Oscillator:

Use high-voltage to create ionic oscillation. The radiant energy system is a self-oscillating capacitive system. It is an electrostatic oscillating system. The energy is turned into heat at a slow rate enabling the oscillations to continue for a long period of time.

Zero Point Radiation (Cosmic Microwave Radiation):

The sun’s rays are called “cosmic rays.

The tremendous electrical force between these two bodies constituted, at least in part, what he called cosmic energy

Energy Sink or Vacuum Sink:

In order to utilize this high-voltage energy you must do two things: make an “energy sink” and then devise a way of making the "sink" oscillate. (An oscillating “energy sink"?)

Such a "sink" has to be at a lower energy state than the surrounding medium and, for the energy to continually flow into it, the energy must be continually pumped out of it. (Pumping the vacuum?)

Zero Point Energy:

Oscillating tubes (magnetic transducers) use high-voltage energy to generate an internal secondary “cold” fusion reaction

(What is this "internal secondary "cold" fusion reaction"?)

(What is the difference between a cold fusion reactor and Tesla’s oscillating electrostatic system?)

Cold Fusion Reactor:
http://jlnlabs.online.fr/cfr/html/cfr10.htm

Cold Fusion: Plasma high-voltage electrolysis generates heat. The measured heat exceeded the input power

Tesla’s s electrostatic oscillating system: The radiant energy system is a self-oscillating capacitive system. It is an electrostatic oscillating system. The energy is turned into heat at a slow rate enabling the oscillations to continue for a long period of time

The energy that is taken into the coil through the small energy window appears to be the key to the success of this system.

It is at this zero-point where energy is condensed into positive and negative components of current.

When energy escapes from the "sink" the magnetic field collapses and a strong magnetic quake is created in its wake

When operated at resonance the distributed capitance of the bifilar coil is able to overcome the counter-electromotive force (e.m.f.) or inductive reactance which is normal for coils.

Electromotive Force:
http://www.hammerzone.com/archives/scie ... asic4.html

Without question the greatest discovery came when scientists discovered that a magnet moved across a piece of wire created a tiny and brief amount of electro-motive force.

Waving the magnet back and forth created a rapidly reversing EMF in the coil of wire, basically an alternating current.

Electromotive Force (cont'd)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromotive_force

"Electromotive force" originally referred to the 'force' with which positive and negative charges could be separated (i.e. moved, hence "electromotive"), and was also called "electromotive power". Maxwell's 1865 explanation of what are now called Maxwell's equations used the term "electromotive force" for what is now called the electric field strength

(The magnetic field collapses and the coil overcomes the electromotive force.)

If we need to “pump” this energy from the vacuum, then we would need to use a use a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump would create the “energy sink? What is the difference between an “energy sink” and a gravity sink?

Negative Mass and the Gravity Sink
http://www.wbabin.net/science/tombe40.pdf

Compressible Aether

In the case of aether which is flowing into massive bodies, we must expect the same state of affairs to occur. The aether must get less dense as it gets closer to the sink.

We don’t actually know what the aether is. But we know that it is dynamic, compressible and stretchable. In its unstressed state, the aether will have a density of zero. When the aether density is zero, it will possess neither tension nor pressure.

When the aether becomes stretched, it rarefies and possesses a tension. Its density will then be less than zero.

Tesla was that we should pay more attention to the study of “electrostatics.”

So we need an oscillating electrostatic (gravity) pump. Therefore is gravity an electrostatic effect?

Is Gravity an Electrostatic Effect?
http://jnaudin.free.fr/lifters/files/elegra11.pdf

Gravitation, Electrostatics, and the Electron-Positron Aether (Ether)
http://www.wbabin.net/science/tombe2.pdf

Parallels between electrostatics and gravity
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field

The electric field is to charge as gravitational acceleration is to mass and force density is to volume

This suggests similarities between the electric field E and the gravitational field g, so sometimes mass is called "gravitational charge".

Similarities between electrostatic and gravitational forces:

1. Both act in a vacuum.
2. Both are central and conservative.
3. Both obey an inverse-square law (both are inversely proportional to square of r).
4. Both propagate with finite speed c.

Differences between electrostatic and gravitational forces:

Electrostatic forces are much greater than gravitational forces (by about 1036 times).

Gravitational forces are attractive for like charges, whereas electrostatic forces are repulsive for like charges.

There are no negative gravitational charges (no negative mass) while there are both positive and negative electric charges. This difference combined with previous implies that gravitational forces are always attractive, while electrostatic forces may be either attractive or repulsive.

[lizzie]

Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion

(IEC is a type of "cold fusion." If we understand IEC, we will understand gravity.)

I get the impression that Tesla was talking about IEC (inertial electrostatic confinement) fusion.

Take a look at Tesla’s “radiant energy receiver” patent. Then read about the Hirsch-Farnsworth generator, George Miley’s neutron generator and lastly, Robert Bussard’s ramjet technology. These technologies all seem to be based on the principles of inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC).

Tesla’s Radiant Energy
http://www.nuenergy.org/alt/tesla_energy.htm

What is Cold Fusion?
http://www.angelfire.com/scifi2/zpt/chapter1.html

What If Cold Fusion Is Real?
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.11/coldfusion.html

Edmund Storms has built a different kind of fusion reactor.

Storms is not an antiestablishment pseudo-scientist pursuing a crackpot theory. For 34 years he was part of the establishment himself, employed at Los Alamos on projects such as a nuclear motor for space vehicles. Subsequently he testified before a congressional subcommittee considering the future of fusion. He believes you don't need millions of degrees or billions of dollars to fuse atomic nuclei and yield energy. "You can stimulate nuclear reactions at room temperature," he says, in his genial, matter-of-fact style. "I am absolutely certain that the phenomenon is real. It is quite extraordinary, and if it can be developed, it will have profound effects on society."

Most scientists laugh at these claims. "It's pathological science," says physicist Douglas Morrison, formerly employed by CERN in Geneva. "The results are impossible."

Yet some highly qualified researchers disagree.

George Miley, who received the Edward Teller medal for innovative research in hot fusion and has edited Fusion Technology magazine for the American Nuclear Society for more than 15 years: "There's very strong evidence that low-energy nuclear reactions do occur. Numerous experiments have shown definitive results - as do my own."

Desktop Fusion
http://users.rcn.com/zap.dnai/neutron.htm

"By marketing inexpensive neutron generators, we hope we can finance the work that might transform these devices into cost-effective power generators," he says

Neutrons for Sale
http://mr-fusion.hellblazer.com/neutrons_for_sale.htm

A hollow stainless steel sphere about the size of a football sits on a laboratory bench. From inside the globe, a purple glow radiates through a small glass window. George Miley peers in and glimpses a tiny luminescent ball hanging in the centre and spires of light that seem to
radiate from it. "It's a beautiful sight,"Miley sighs.

Its primary purpose is not make energy but to generate neutrons.

Fusion spheres were first conceived more than 40 years ago by Philo Farnsworth, an inventor who developed much of the technology behind early televisions.

Philo Farnsworth
http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/farnsworth.html

Fusion spheres were first conceived more than 40 years ago by Philo Farnsworth, an inventor who developed much of the technology behind early televisions. But Farnsworth was never able to reap the financial benefits of his inventions, and in the late 1950s he started work for the defence and electronics company, ITT, based in Fort Wayne, Indiana. There he set out to create the ultimate energy generator by fusing nuclei together. What makes Farnsworth's idea different is the way he chose to initiate
and control the fusion reaction.

The conventional approach is to take deuterium - a harmless, stable isotope of hydrogen that has a neutron as well as a proton in its nucleus, and heat it to many millions of degrees. This strips away the electrons from individual atoms, leaving a soup or "plasma" of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons. At these temperatures, a small proportion of the nuclei have enough energy to fuse with each other when they collide, forming a highly energetic neutron and nuclei of hydrogen, tritium and helium-3 in the process.

Sometimes researchers use a mixture of deuterium and another isotope of hydrogen, tritium, which has two neutrons and a proton in its nucleus. This reaction results in a far higher number of neutrons but tritium is highly radioactive and difficult to handle. In either case, the big problem is how to keep the plasma contained. It is much too hot for any ordinary container to withstand, so it is held in place by a magnetic field.

Farnsworth chose a different route. Instead of heating deuterium gas, he used an electric field to accelerate individual ions to the energy at which they would fuse, in the same way that electrons are accelerated towards the screen in a television tube. He argued that this was far more efficient than heating an entire volume of deuterium, particularly when only a small portion of the gas would reach the energies required for fusion. He then aimed several beams of deuterium nuclei towards the centre of a sphere where he hoped they would collide and fuse. Of course, the beams have to be precisely aligned for any chance of fusion to occur, and even then only some of the nuclei actually collide.

But this is not the only chance they have to fuse. Farnsworth calculated that the build-up of positive ions near the centre of the sphere would attract negative electrons. This shell of negative charge would then trap the positively charged ions at the centre, multiplying the chances that they would collide and fuse. To distinguish it from the traditional magnetic confinement technique, Farnsworth's method of fusion is known as inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC).

Robert W. BUSSARD
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion
http://www.rexresearch.com/bussard/bussard.htm

In 1960, Bussard famously conceived the Bussard ramjet, an interstellar space drive powered by hydrogen fusion using hydrogen collected using a magnetic field from the interstellar gas. Due to the presence of high-energy particles throughout space, most interstellar hydrogen exists in an ionized state that can be manipulated by magnetic or electric fields. Bussard proposed using a large magnet to "scoop" up the ionized hydrogen and funnel it into a fusion reactor, using the exhaust from the reactor as a rocket engine.

When Farnsworth retired in 1967, four years before his death, he and a newly minted physicist PhD from the University of Illinois named Robert Hirsch seemed to have proved the notion workable. Measuring the energy released in the conventional way - as the rate at which a fusion reaction liberates neutrons -Hirsch's final machine, which was fuelled by a deuterium-tritium mixture, delivered more than 10 billion neutrons per second, a generous number even by today's standards.

But before Hirsch gave up IEC fusion research, he had developed an entirely new way to accelerate his ions - this time using pure deuterium in place of the deuterium-tritium mixture. In his original experiments Farnsworth used accelerators around his sphere to fire in beams of nuclei. Hirsch replaced this arrangement with a spherical grid roughly the size of a tennis ball, made of wire 1 millimetre thick.

To begin the fusion process, Hirsch admitted a small amount of deuterium gas into an evacuated sphere. Next, he set up an electric potential of 60.000 volts between the grid and the outer sphere, setting up an electric field that is strong enough to ionise the deuterium gas. The field then draws the positive ions towards the grid. Some of the ions collide with the wires of the grid and play no further part in the process. But others pass between the wires and enter the region within it. There, a significant proportion collides in the centre of the sphere and fuse, producing neutrons and energy.

Plasma jet source using an inertial electrostatic confinement discharge plasma
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6121569.html

An electrostatic ion jet source design, based on inertial electrostatic confinement technology.

According to the invention, the inertial electrostatic confinement jet source employs a configuration that is compatible with the generation and acceleration of ions within a vacuum chamber. The device uses a unique spherical configuration, enlarged hole grid, channel guide grid and electron production/confinement method. The prior art designs have to produce a small diameter jet. Virtual cathode formation in a high-density region, combined with a locally distorted cathode grid potential field, extracts accelerated ions in an intense quasi-neutral ion jet. The device ejects matter with a jet form for use as an industrial plasma spray, industrial material processing, waste treatment, welding or cutting materials, or for plasma vapor deposition

ION PROPULSION - Over 50 Years in the Making
http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlin ... pr99_2.htm

April 6, 1999: The ion propulsion system on Deep Space 1 is the culmination of over 50 years of development on electric engine systems in space. Launched on Oct. 24, 1998, Deep Space 1 will be the first spacecraft to actually use ion propulsion to reach another planetary body.

The engineering that makes this possible represents a journey that started more than half a century ago, when modern rocketry was invented. Looking back, Ernst Stuhlinger, a world expert on electric propulsion, said that the technology "owed its life-giving spark to Wernher von Braun.

An attractive (or repellant) idea for propulsion

The principle behind the Deep Space 1 engine is much the same as what you experience when you pull hot socks out of the clothes dryer on a cold winter day. The socks push away from each other because they are electrostatically charged, and like charges repel. The challenge in electric space propulsion is to charge a fluid so its atoms can be expelled in one direction, and thus propel the spacecraft in the other direction.

[lizzie]

If we understand IEC, we will understand cold fusion and anti-gravity propulsion.

[lizzie]

* Gravity is induced ?

Plasma physicists claim It is possible to create the force of gravity without a corresponding quantity of mass. Pressure and gravity are manifestations of the same of the same phenomenon.

* Gravity is an electrostatic effect ?

* Anti-gravity propulsion and “cold fusion” (Tesla's "Radiant Energy") can “induced” by using inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) technology ?

Sakharov's induced gravity: a modern perspective
http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0204062

Sakharov's 1967 notion of “induced gravity” is currently enjoying a significant resurgence. The basic idea, originally presented in a very brief 3-page paper with a total of 4 formulas, is that gravity is not “fundamental'' in the sense of particle physics. Instead it was argued that gravity (general relativity) emerges from quantum field theory in roughly the same sense that hydrodynamics or continuum elasticity theory emerges from molecular physics

Advances in the proposed electromagnetic zero-point field theory of inertia
http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/physics/9807023

A NASA-funded research effort has been underway at the Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center in Palo Alto and at California State University in Long Beach to develop and test a recently published theory that Newton's equation of motion can be derived from Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics as applied to the zero-point field (ZPF) of the quantum vacuum. In this ZPF-inertia theory, mass is postulated to be not an intrinsic property of matter but rather a kind of electromagnetic drag force that proves to be acceleration dependent by virtue of the spectral characteristics of the ZPF. The theory proposes that interactions between the ZPF and matter take place at the level of quarks and electrons, hence would account for the mass of a composite neutral particle such as the neutron. An effort to generalize the exploratory study of Haisch, Rueda and Puthoff (1994) into a proper relativistic formulation has been successful. Moreover the principle of equivalence implies that in this view gravitation would also be electromagnetic in origin along the lines proposed by Sakharov(1968).

Is Gravity an Electrostatic Effect?
http://jnaudin.free.fr/lifters/files/elegra11.pdf

Is Gravity Induced?
http://goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/index.html

This paper will demonstrate that it is possible to create the force of gravity without a corresponding quantity of mass. This phenomenon can be demonstrated in a way that is easy to observe and understand. The means of solar evolution and propagation outlined in this paper is but one example of this effect.

Are Pressure and Gravity manifestations of the same phenomenon?
http://goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/presgrav1.html

Gravitational attraction has always been associated with the mutual attraction of matter, yet here we see that matter is being attracted to a notable absence of matter, and that the nature of this attraction is indistinguishable from the force of gravity.

Gravity and Plasma
http://goodfelloweb.com/nature/cgbi/presgrav2.html

The Sun is inducing gravity without a corresponding quantity of mass. This phenomenon is brought about by a plasma in a magnetically unified state; a magnetically sustained 'non-space', an absolute vacuum held in place by the photospheric plasma shell. Specific neutrino observations will verify this hypothesis.

Gravitational Weight Reduction with ELF EM Radiation
http://jnaudin.free.fr/systemg/html/gravelf.htm

A paper published by DeAquino entitled "Gravitation and Electromagnetism; Correlation and Grand Unification" relates inertial and gravitational mass as a function of absorbed radiation.

RADIANT PRESSURE MODEL OF REMOTE FORCES
http://home.netcom.com/~sbyers11/

All forces that act through a distance are attributed to cosmic radiation pressure and shadowing of these frequencies by matter. The shadowing causes a local unbalanced flow in the normally balanced radiation frequency flows of space. All matter exists as interference patterns in the Prime background radiation frequencies of space. A surface gravity and/or radiation pressure limit are shown to exist when the radiation flow is totally shielded by large planets. The cause for the inverse square laws of physics is shown to be a natural result of shadowing geometry with distance.

Anti-gravity propulsion and “cold fusion” can be produced using inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) technologies.

Cold Fusion:

What If Cold Fusion Is Real?
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.11/coldfusion.html

George Miley:

Desktop Fusion
http://users.rcn.com/zap.dnai/neutron.htm

Neutrons for Sale
http://mr-fusion.hellblazer.com/neutrons_for_sale.htm

Philo Farnsworth
http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/farnsworth.html

Anti-gravity Propulsion:

Robert W. BUSSARD
Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) Fusion
http://www.rexresearch.com/bussard/bussard.htm

Plasma jet source using an inertial electrostatic confinement discharge plasma
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6121569.html

ION PROPULSION - Over 50 Years in the Making
http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlin ... pr99_2.htm

INERTIAL-ELECTROSTATIC CONFINEMENT PARTICLE GENERATOR
http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?IA= ... SPLAY=DESC

[lizzie]

It seems as if Frolov is describing many of the same ideas that Tom Bearden does when he talks about "spacetime curvature" and reverse-time waves.

Trilateral spacetime effect
http://alexfrolov.narod.ru/threelat.htm

The theory for gravity as an induced effect that exists due to other forces of Nature is developed mainly for the quantum level. This approach uses term, "zero-point fluctuation" as a description of the process of virtual electron-positron pair creation and annihilation. But what is the reason for the existence of gravity without quantum mechanics? Gravity displays itself mainly for macro systems level, e.g.: as gravitational field of planet.

When a mass-object is moving along a circumference, centrifugal force is created in all radial directions. In this case there is no propulsion force in some radial directions. However, if the trajectory of movement is asymmetrical, acceleration in a vector differs from acceleration in others.

As the Velocity of a mass-object increases, the force against it is being created. We call it "inertia". Did the "inertia" exist "inside" the body while it was at rest? In other words, is inertia the inner property of mass-object or is it being created when the energy of the body increases or decreases? The same line of questioning can be formulated for the electromagnetic induction. As action is created due to a change in the magnetic field, reaction emerges in the form of an induced secondary field in order to compensate for that primary change. Thus, electromagnetic induction can be considered to be an analogy to inertia.

So the question about inertia as an innate property of mass-objects has a solution; the same applies for the electromagnetic law of the induction version. Inasmuch as inducted secondary fields do not exist prior to changes in primary fields, so inertia cannot exist as an innate property of mass-objects. In both cases this "secondary effect" is a property of spacetime, and not that of masses or coils of wire.

G-mass can be compensated by inertial mass.

The relationship between electricity and gravity, the transformation of electrical power into gravity and the possibility of a reverse transformation are developed as "electrogravitics". An analogy lies in the asymmetry of electrical potential fields designed to obtain propulsive force or power. However, there is no motion in these electrostatic technologies; an explanation for this is given by E. Whittaker wherein the electrical potential field has a bi-directional energy flow. Based on this concept, the inner structure of electric potentials results from 2 opposite, balanced parts: photons (direct-time) radiated from charged mass and anti-photons that exist in reverse-time.

In our viewpoint, this oncoming flow of anti-photons derives from the future, in past time. We are unable to observe the ordinary flow of photons in electrical potential fields since they are in equilibrium with anti-photons in the time-axis. For Whittaker, both exist in the structure of potentials. If half of the inner structure of an electric potential is changed when a potential is applied to do work and to initiate the power process, the other half (the reverse-time energy flow) must react. Thus, a compensation of time - in the form of the deceleration of time's rate - can take place.

We can visualize the notion, "time" as being the "other side" of gravity: A mass-object moves along a curved trajectory and F=Ma is created in radial directions, non-equally. In some radial directions, the trajectory is more curved than in others. Acceleration and Force are then asymmetrical. Some linear force emerges in such directions, where curvature gradients exist. A new question arises: do inertial propulsion systems drive for non-reactive motion only (permitting a novel technology of supportless, non-reactive crafts) or is something else created which is already here?

It should be impossible to generate propulsion force as a motion in space alone by means of inertia. This propulsion force also has a time-direction component.Indeed, inertial propulsion systems should demonstrate some chronal effects.

Time is an effect of 3-dimensional (spatial) curvature for mass-objects. There is no absolute time without mass.[/highlight] There exists a concept which states that, "mass is time". In electricity, the mass-analogy is charge.Whittaker's bi-directional structure of the potential explains the charge-time analogy.

The term, "curved space" describes a process, related to mass. We observe it as a result of our Earth's mass-process.

The use of non-reactive forces in power systems should generate excess power without reacting to initial inputs. This is a well-known "perpetual motion" concept. Over-unity should be feasible if output power derives from a non-reactive force, including electromagnetics or electrostatics, as the trilateral effect theory accounts for the process of time generation in 3-dimensional spatial curvature. Over-unity power can be obtained only jointly with a gravity/time effect.

The total energy of a system is the sum of the energy of spacetime processes plus the processes of reverse space-time. This sum is constant and is equal to zero

From this viewpoint, all we observe in the material world is only half of the Universe. Any power process is compensated by its equal anti-process h reverse-time. This is Newton's Second Law for Action and Reaction in a multidimensional version. Systems try to remain at rest, by balancing sums of equal, opposite processes. Power can be created from "zero", only with an opposite process at same level, as it is for the positron-electron pair.

Trilateral processes are also possible; conjointly, they attain a zero-sum energy level. They are also effective and may be the basis of a new science that would no longer be dualistic (negative-positive, 1/0, etc.) In tri-polar "electricity" A, B and C types of charges are composed of positive and negative elements. The sum of A, B, C equals to zero, just as positive and negative charges do.

[junglelord]

I am trying to stay away from my own comparative methodolgy thinking, as it was causing a mix and match with my APM studies that were miss representing APM.

However your post make bells and whistles go off in my head Lizze.


Thanks for all your hard work. Dispite the lights you just made go off, I am going to let it sit awhile, until I do have APM quantified on its own. Then I will be back in the comparative methodology game with APM under my belt. I hope others see some light from your posts. I certainly do.

[webolife]

Well, my reaction is not as Junglelords... the jargon really confuses me.
"Space-time curvature" and "reverse-time waves"?

I live in a much simpler, more elegant and beautiful universe.
"Inertia", in the Newtonian sense, misses a key factor of all objects in motion in the universe, ie.
all moving objects are acted upon by unified field centropic force. This results in all motion being "curved". There is no straightline inertial motion as Newton idealized it. Galileo had this right, he just didn't know why. This centropic force, mostly but not quite entirely balanced by kinetic energy, results in spin, periodicity (what I think Dave T. is referring to as frequency), "energy levels", vortices, planetary orbits, and spiral galactic configuration... Actually it is what is responsible for "mass". It is scaleless, therefore need not only be described at the "quantum" level... it is true for every level of hierarchy from electrons to galactic superclusters. The net centropic force reveals itself in various forms as entropy.

IMHO.

[junglelord]

See my latest post in APM thread webolife for an answer.

[lizzie]

I live in a much simpler, more elegant and beautiful universe.
"Inertia", in the Newtonian sense, misses a key factor of all objects in motion in the universe, ie. all moving objects are acted upon by unified field centropic force.

I believe you are describing the same “force” as Frolov. Both of you are simply using different “languages” to do so.

I believe in the EU, so I began “my search” with the belief that gravity was simply another “electrical manifestation.” I have no scientific background, so fancy mathematical formulas mean nothing to me. I have to look for what I call “a mirroring effect.”

To me the formulations for electrostatics and gravitation mirror each other: one deals with charge; the other with mass.

Parallels between electrostatics and gravity
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field

1. Both act in a vacuum.
2. Both are central and conservative.
3. Both obey an inverse-square law (both are inversely proportional to square of r).
4. Both propagate with finite speed c.

Frolov showed me the analogous relationship between inertia and electromagnetic induction.

As the Velocity of a mass-object increases, the force against it is being created. We call it "inertia". Did the "inertia" exist "inside" the body while it was at rest? In other words, is inertia the inner property of mass-object or is it being created when the energy of the body increases or decreases? The same line of questioning can be formulated for the electromagnetic induction. As action is created due to a change in the magnetic field, reaction emerges in the form of an induced secondary field in order to compensate for that primary change. Thus, electromagnetic induction can be considered to be an analogy to inertia.

The AEM model provides the dimensions. I don’t think I fully understood the importance of “dimensions.”