Sparky wrote:You suggested that an asteroid would be "neutral"? Surely it would have a potential, relative to other bodies.
The interplanetary medium appears to be very nearly neutral, and only slightly positive in charge. So we'd expect an asteroid to have a slight positive charge if it was just sitting there. If it has a detached bow shock, and there is frictional ionization, we'd expect the asteroid itself to have a stronger positive charge, with a negative double-layer on the edge of the bow shock.
So what are the implications of those moving charges?
Out in deep space, the slight positive charge on the asteroid might be generating an Amperian (i.e., circular) magnetic field around it, by the right-hand rule. This will be of little significance, as there isn't much matter in deep space on which the field can operate.
As the asteroid enters the Earth's atmosphere, frictional ionization comes into play, and the charges are much stronger. Now the asteroid, and everything inside the bow shock, has a strong positive charge, and the electrons at the edge of the bow shock give it a strong negative charge. This creates a complex environment, but what I'm saying is that once the asteroid passes by, the particles in the coma are stationary with respect to their environment. The charge separation lingers, due to whatever resistance is present. But those aren't moving charges.
For example, if a motorboat passes by, it leaves a wake that spreads out in a hyperbolic form. Then there is a straight line of turbulence directly behind the motorboat. We'll call that turbulence the coma. Now, the coma appears to "follow" the motorboat, but is the water actually moving in the direction of the motorboat, or is that just a condition in the water? I'm saying that this "condition" does not involve movement of the particles in the coma. Back to asteroids, if the particles in the coma are not moving in the direction of the asteroid, they aren't generating any magnetic field. The only drift current is the electrons on the outside heading toward the positive ions on the inside. That drift will be perpendicular to the direction of the asteroid, and at a trivial velocity. So I don't see significant magnetic fields there, after the asteroid has passed by.
So I'm thinking that the only relevant electrodynamics are right at the bolide itself.